The Indian Navy is making significant strides toward integrating unmanned aerial systems into its carrier air wings, with the Abhimanyu drone, developed by Bangalore-based NewSpace Research & Technologies (NRT), at the forefront of this initiative.

The Abhimanyu is being developed as the basis for the Naval Collaborative Combat Air Vehicle (N-CCAV) program, representing India’s entry into the global trend of deploying “loyal wingman” drones alongside crewed fighter aircraft.

Design And Capabilities

Abhimanyu is a jet-powered, low radar cross-section (RCS) drone, designed specifically to operate as a loyal wingman for the Indian Navy’s current and future carrier-based fighters, notably the MiG-29K and the soon-to-arrive Rafale-Ms. The drone’s design features swept wings, horizontal stabilisers, a single vertical tail, and twin narrow air intakes on either side of the rear fuselage. A distinctive continuous chine-line wraps around the fuselage, a feature aimed at reducing radar reflections and enhancing survivability in contested environments.

While the Abhimanyu incorporates several stealth-inspired features, it is not a fully low-observable platform. Its configuration reflects a balance between reduced radar signature and cost-effectiveness, prioritising rapid production and expendability over the advanced stealth of more expensive international counterparts.

Performance Specifications

According to details displayed at Aero India 2025, the Abhimanyu targets:

Top speed: ~300 knots (550 km/h)
Operational Range: 1,000 kilometers
Service Ceiling: 19,700 feet (6,000 meters)
Endurance: Up to 20 hours (as per some sources)
Multirole Capability: ISR (Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance), kinetic attack (air-to-air and air-to-ground), electronic warfare, and swarm operations

These specifications position Abhimanyu as a relatively modest performer compared to other loyal wingman drones globally, but its modular design and cost-effective philosophy allow for deployment in larger numbers and rapid adaptation to evolving mission requirements.

Operational Role And Strategic Vision

The N-CCAV program envisions Abhimanyu drones flying in manned-unmanned teaming (MUMT) configurations with Indian Navy fighters. These drones will act as force multipliers, extending the sensor reach of carrier strike groups, enhancing situational awareness, and providing tactical flexibility for both carrier-based and onshore operations. By taking on high-risk or complex missions, Abhimanyu will reduce exposure for human pilots and increase the offensive and defensive capabilities of carrier air wings.

The Indian Navy plans to field a fleet of Abhimanyu drones with varying capabilities, achieved through iterative development cycles. This approach could see the emergence of specialised variants for surveillance, electronic warfare, strike, and swarming missions, supporting both current and future naval operations.


Development Status And Funding

The Abhimanyu project is partially funded by the Indian Ministry of Defence's Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX) initiative, with additional internal funding from NRT. The current funding ceiling through iDEX stands at approximately $2.85 million, but significantly more investment will be required to bring the drone to operational status and develop future variants. The Indian Navy has committed to a minimum purchase quantity once the N-CCAV reaches operational readiness, ensuring a baseline for production and deployment.

Comparison With Other Indian And International Programs

Abhimanyu is notably smaller and lighter than the HAL Warrior, a twin-engine loyal wingman drone being developed for the Indian Air Force’s Combat Air Teaming System (CATS) program. While Warrior emphasises higher performance and greater payload capacity, Abhimanyu’s strength lies in its modularity, cost-effectiveness, and potential for large-scale deployment. Internationally, Abhimanyu is positioned as a lower-end solution compared to advanced platforms like China’s GJ-11 Sharp Sword or the U.S. Navy’s vision for expendable Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) drones.

Challenges And Outlook

Despite the momentum, the program faces several challenges:

Achieving reliable autonomous operation in the demanding environment of carrier aviation.
Bridging the performance gap between Abhimanyu and high-speed, high-altitude crewed fighters.
Securing sustained funding and overcoming India’s historical defence procurement delays.

Nevertheless, the Abhimanyu project marks a pivotal step for Indian naval aviation, signalling the Navy’s commitment to integrating unmanned systems for future combat operations. If successful, the N-CCAV program could significantly enhance the Indian Navy’s operational flexibility, survivability, and strike capability, while also serving as a foundation for further advancements in indigenous drone technology.

The Abhimanyu drone represents a pragmatic and innovative approach to expanding India’s carrier-based air power, with an emphasis on modularity, affordability, and rapid iteration, aligning with contemporary trends in naval warfare and unmanned systems.

IDN