Mazagon Dock And Naval Group Explore Next Step In India-France Submarine Partnership At EURONAVAL 2026

Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) and France’s Naval Group have advanced discussions on the future of their long-standing submarine partnership, with senior executives from both sides meeting during EURONAVAL 2026 in Paris.

MDL Chairman and Managing Director Capt. Jagmohan held talks with Naval Group Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Pierre Éric Pommellet to examine the next phase of India-France submarine cooperation, reflecting continued engagement between the two organisations on undersea warfare capabilities and industrial collaboration.

The discussions centred on an additional submarine project and efforts to further increase indigenous content, reinforcing India’s broader objective of strengthening domestic defence manufacturing and expanding local industrial participation in complex naval programmes.

Both sides also reviewed maintenance and supply chain management requirements for the Indian Navy’s Kalvari-class submarine fleet. Particular emphasis was placed on enhancing lifecycle support measures and improving operational availability, ensuring that the submarines remain mission-ready through sustained logistical and technical backing.

The MDL-Naval Group partnership has already resulted in the delivery of six Kalvari-class submarines to the Indian Navy. Built in India with technology transferred from France’s Scorpène-class design, the submarines have become a key component of the Navy’s conventional underwater fleet and have contributed significantly to the growth of India’s submarine construction expertise.

The collaboration continues to play an important role in advancing India’s submarine-building capabilities while supporting the development of a domestic industrial ecosystem involving local suppliers, specialised manufacturing facilities and long-term support infrastructure.

The meeting also highlighted ongoing discussions on future submarine cooperation and the provision of enduring support for the Kalvari-class fleet. Such cooperation aligns with the broader strategic defence relationship between India and France, which has expanded across multiple naval and aerospace domains in recent years.

Held from 3 to 6 November 2026 in Paris, EURONAVAL is among the world's leading naval defence exhibitions, bringing together naval industry leaders, shipbuilders, defence manufacturers and military representatives to discuss emerging maritime requirements and technological developments.

No final agreement was announced following the meeting, and neither project order values nor implementation timelines were disclosed. However, the engagement underscores the intent of both MDL and Naval Group to continue exploring opportunities for deeper submarine cooperation and enhanced fleet support.

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Philippines Weighs Expanded BrahMos Missile Network To Strengthen Deterrence Against China

The Philippines is considering a separate acquisition of additional Indian-made BrahMos missile batteries as it seeks to reinforce its maritime security posture and strengthen deterrence against China in the increasingly contested South China Sea.

While no agreement has yet been signed and the final number of missile batteries remains undecided, the proposed procurement would be separate from the existing Philippine Marine Corps contract and could substantially expand the country's coastal defence network.

President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. has confirmed that Manila is in the process of procuring more BrahMos systems, signalling strong political support for a broader missile shield designed to protect the archipelago's extensive coastline and strategic maritime approaches.

The Philippines became the first overseas customer of the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile system when it signed a deal worth approximately $375 million in January 2022. The agreement covered three shore-based anti-ship missile batteries, along with training, maintenance, logistics support, mobile launchers, radars and command systems.

Those systems are currently operated by the Philippine Marine Corps' Coastal Defence Regiment and have become a central component of Manila's efforts to bolster national security amid persistent tensions with Beijing over competing claims in the South China Sea.

Reports indicate that the Philippine Army's long-standing requirement for additional land-based anti-ship missile systems remains active. Earlier plans envisioned the acquisition of two BrahMos batteries, but recent assessments suggest the requirement could grow significantly, with discussions centred on as many as nine additional coastal missile batteries under an Integrated Shore-Based Anti-Ship Missile System initiative.

Should such an expansion proceed, the new batteries could be deployed across multiple islands and coastal locations throughout the Philippines. This would create a more extensive anti-access and area-denial network capable of threatening hostile naval vessels operating near Philippine territory and disputed waters.

Military analysts view the BrahMos as particularly valuable because of its high speed and long-range strike capability. Developed through an Indo-Russian joint venture, the export version of the missile has a range of around 290 kilometres and travels at speeds approaching Mach 3, making interception considerably more challenging for potential adversaries.

Philippine Ambassador to India Josel F. Ignacio has previously described the country as "very, very happy" with its BrahMos systems. He also emphasised that the missile provides a "credible deterrent" by increasing the operational costs and risks facing any potential aggressor.

He noted that the system gives the Philippines a meaningful anti-access and area-denial capability, helping to reshape the military calculus in any future maritime confrontation.

The prospective acquisition highlights the deepening defence partnership between India and the Philippines. It also reflects Manila's broader Armed Forces modernisation programme, which seeks to improve national defence capabilities in response to evolving regional security challenges.

As China continues to expand its presence in contested waters, the Philippines appears increasingly committed to building a dispersed coastal missile architecture capable of denying access to hostile forces.

If further purchases are approved, the BrahMos could become the backbone of the country's maritime defence strategy and a key pillar of deterrence across the South China Sea.

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Solar Defence Exports 1,000 Guided Pinaka Rockets To Armenia In Major Defence Milestone

Solar Defence and Aerospace Limited (SDAL) has exported the first batch of 1,000 Guided Pinaka rockets to Armenia, marking a significant step forward for India's growing defence export sector and its indigenous weapons manufacturing capabilities.

The shipment was formally flagged off by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh during his visit to SDAL's facility in Nagpur in January 2026. The export forms part of a wider defence agreement under which Armenia is acquiring four Pinaka rocket system batteries, associated ammunition and support equipment valued at approximately ₹2,000 crore.

The Guided Pinaka is an advanced version of the indigenous Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher system developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). The guided variant offers significantly improved accuracy and can strike targets at ranges exceeding 70 kilometres.

Armenia became the first international customer for the Pinaka system when it signed the agreement in 2022. Deliveries of earlier unguided Pinaka systems began in 2023 and were completed by late 2024, with the latest shipment representing a major upgrade in capability.

The rockets are being manufactured by SDAL, part of the Solar Group, at its production facility in Nagpur. The project highlights the increasing role of India's private sector in defence manufacturing and ammunition production, supporting the country's broader objective of becoming a leading global defence exporter.

The export is viewed as a major achievement because it demonstrates India's ability to supply complete artillery solutions rather than individual weapons or limited ammunition packages. Long-term ammunition support is considered a key advantage for overseas customers operating the Pinaka system.

The deal also reflects the deepening strategic and defence relationship between India and Armenia. In recent years, Armenia has emerged as one of the largest recipients of Indian-made military equipment, with cooperation expanding across multiple defence platforms.

Rajnath Singh stated that the export of Pinaka rockets showcases the capabilities of India's defence industry and strengthens the country's export potential. He emphasised that India is no longer only an importer of military equipment but is increasingly establishing itself as a defence exporter.

The Guided Pinaka export is widely regarded as a landmark achievement for India's indigenous defence manufacturing ecosystem, reinforcing confidence in locally developed weapon systems and opening the door for future international orders.

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PierSight Clears Key Structural Test for First Commercial SAR + AIS Satellite Varuna 2.0

Ahmedabad-based space-tech Start-Up PierSight is moving ahead with Varuna 2.0, its first commercial Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Automatic Identification System (AIS) satellite, designed to strengthen persistent maritime surveillance and improve the detection of so-called "dark ships" that attempt to evade monitoring by disabling their tracking systems.

The satellite combines X-band SAR imaging with AIS and VDES data fusion, enabling it to monitor vessels in virtually all weather conditions, including through cloud cover, fog and darkness.

By cross-referencing radar imagery with vessel tracking information, the system can identify inconsistencies in reported positions and help detect ships operating without active transponders.

Varuna 2.0 builds upon the progress achieved through PierSight's earlier Varuna demonstrator mission, which was launched on 30 December 2024 aboard ISRO's PSLV-C60 mission on the POEM platform. That mission successfully validated core payload technologies in orbit and marked an important step towards the company's long-term maritime observation ambitions.

A significant technical milestone has already been achieved with the satellite's reflectarray antenna, which completed performance testing at ISRO's Compact Antenna Test Range Facility in Ahmedabad. The antenna demonstrated aperture efficiency exceeding 50%, providing a strong foundation for the operational capabilities expected from the commercial platform.

PierSight has also completed structural model integration and testing activities for Varuna 2.0. These achievements represent key preparatory stages before full satellite assembly and the next phase of deployment, supporting the company's plans for commercial maritime monitoring services.

The broader objective extends beyond a single spacecraft. Varuna 2.0 forms part of PierSight's vision to establish a 32-satellite constellation dedicated to continuous monitoring of Exclusive Economic Zones and wider maritime regions.

Once deployed, the network is expected to provide more frequent revisit rates and improved situational awareness for maritime security, vessel tracking and ocean surveillance applications.

By combining advanced radar sensing with vessel-identification technologies, PierSight is positioning Varuna 2.0 as a specialised solution for governments, maritime agencies and commercial operators seeking reliable, all-weather monitoring capabilities.

The project reflects a growing emphasis on space-based maritime domain awareness and the increasing role of private-sector innovation in strengthening ocean security and tracking vessels that attempt to operate beyond conventional monitoring systems.

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India Advances Towards First Human Deep-Sea Mission To 6,000 Metres By 2028: Dr Jitendra Singh

India is moving steadily towards launching its first human deep-sea mission to a depth of up to 6,000 metres (19,690 feet) by 2028, according to Union Minister of State for Science and Technology Jitendra Singh.

Speaking at the Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue 2026, he outlined the country's growing ambitions in deep-ocean exploration and advanced scientific research.

Singh said India's ocean-related initiatives are increasingly being pursued through a mission-mode framework that brings together multiple departments and institutions. He emphasised that ocean sciences are now converging with space technology, nuclear science, geology, electronics and robotics to strengthen the country's maritime and deep-ocean capabilities.

Highlighting India's indigenous progress, the minister noted that the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) in Chennai has already developed the capability to conduct trials at depths ranging from 5,000 to 6,000 metres in the Central Indian Ocean Basin. He also pointed to the Ocean Mineral Explorer, which is capable of carrying out high-resolution exploration of hydrothermal sulphide deposits, several of which have already been identified.

"India is aiming for global competitiveness through indigenous capabilities and international cooperation. Deep Ocean resources will be a major source of economic value addition for achieving Viksit Bharat 2047," Singh said.

Referring to the government's long-term commitment to the sector, he added, "PM Shri Narendra Modi ji's reference to the 'Deep Ocean Mission' consecutively twice in his Independence Day address reflects the priority accorded to ocean resources at the highest level and their strategic importance for India's future. India is progressing towards sending its first human deep-sea mission to a depth of up to 6,000 metres by 2028, marking an important milestone in the country's indigenous deep-ocean exploration program."

The planned mission forms part of India's broader Deep Ocean Mission, launched to strengthen the country's ability to explore and sustainably utilise deep-sea resources. A key component of this effort is the Samudrayaan initiative and the indigenously developed Matsya-6000 submersible, designed to carry a crew to extreme ocean depths and place India among a select group of nations possessing such capabilities.

The project has also accelerated the development of advanced technologies, including deep-sea navigation systems, life-support equipment, underwater communication networks, oceanographic sensors and specialised exploration platforms. These capabilities are expected to enhance scientific understanding of deep-sea ecosystems while supporting future resource exploration.

Singh also underscored the strategic significance of the maritime domain, noting that the Indian Ocean remains the only ocean in the world named after a country. Stressing the importance of the sector, he said, "Ocean is one of India's great frontiers; we are the only country in the world that has ocean named after us.

Thanks to PM Modi that only after 2014 this rather much underexplored asset has been sought to be explored in the manner it deserved to be."

The minister said India is pursuing a balanced approach that combines self-reliance with international collaboration, positioning ocean science and deep-sea technology as important contributors to economic growth, scientific advancement and national strategic interests in the decades ahead.

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US Sanctions India-Based Couple And Linked Firms Over Alleged Support For Iran’s Shadow Oil Fleet

The United States has imposed sanctions on an India-based couple and a network of associated companies, accusing them of helping Iran’s shadow oil fleet evade international restrictions through fraudulent maritime registrations and certifications.

According to the US Department of the Treasury, Suniel Kumar Sharma and his spouse, Jaspreet Preeti Shahid, allegedly operated an extensive maritime fraud network that provided false flags, registrations and certifications to vessels involved in transporting Iranian petroleum. Washington claims some of the vessels supported Iran’s military and affiliated proxy groups.

Announcing the measures, US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent issued a stark warning to individuals and organisations continuing to assist Tehran. “As we have said many times, under Operation Economic Outcast, you are either with us or against us. We know where you are, and we will sanction those who continue supporting the Iranian regime, whether by land, sea, or air.”

US authorities allege that Sharma and Shahid established fraudulent maritime registries and classification societies by creating websites that falsely claimed to act on behalf of various countries without official authorisation. The Treasury said the scheme enabled sanctioned vessels carrying Iranian oil to conceal their identities and continue operating despite international restrictions.

The alleged activities reportedly date back to at least 2014, when the couple was accused of attempting to impersonate the maritime flagging authority of Dominica. US officials further claim that, over more than a decade, companies linked to the network presented themselves as legitimate maritime service providers for multiple jurisdictions across different regions of the world, despite many governments reportedly distancing themselves from such operations.

Among the entities sanctioned are Oceaniek Technologies India, Aryavart Ship Management Private Limited, Precept Trends Private Limited, Polynesia Maritime Private Limited, Alexarya Finserv Private Limited, Alexarya Media and Entertainment Private Limited, Viharaboating Private Limited and Aryavart Maritime and Educational Trust.

The latest measures were imposed under Executive Order 13902, which targets key sectors of the Iranian economy, including petroleum, petrochemicals and aviation. The action forms part of Operation Economic Outcast, launched by Bessent on 24 August 2026, with the stated objective of disrupting Iran’s economic lifelines, oil-smuggling networks, sanctions-evasion mechanisms and related financial channels.

In a parallel move, the US also sanctioned Türkiye-based Fugo Ground Services Inc, alleging that it continued providing ground-handling and related services to several already-designated Iranian carriers, including Iran Air Tour, Saha Airlines, Sepehran Airlines, Varesh Airlines, Taban Airlines and Ata Airlines Company despite repeated American warnings.

Alongside the sanctions, the Treasury issued a fresh advisory to the global maritime industry, warning companies about the risks of dealing with falsely flagged vessels. US officials said such ships can bypass regulations designed to protect crew welfare and the environment, while also operating without valid protection and indemnity insurance, potentially exposing coastal states to significant financial and environmental risks.

Under the sanctions, any property or financial interests of the designated individuals and entities that fall within US jurisdiction will be blocked.

In addition, most transactions involving them will be prohibited unless specifically authorised or exempted. The Treasury warned that breaches of these restrictions could result in civil or criminal penalties for both US and foreign persons.

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'Global Maritime Security Under Strain Amid Trade Disruptions And Navigation Challenges, Says Defence Minister Rajnath Singh'

The global maritime security environment is facing increasing pressure from deliberate disruptions to international trade, challenges to freedom of navigation and the weaponisation of strategically important maritime chokepoints, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said while addressing the Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue 2026 in New Delhi.

Speaking at the annual forum on maritime security and regional cooperation, Singh warned that rising instability across the world's oceans is beginning to affect the wider international order. He said certain nations and actors are attempting to exploit the strategic significance of the seas for narrow unilateral advantages, undermining the collective benefits that maritime domains provide to all countries.

Highlighting the central role oceans play in modern life, Singh noted that despite the rapid growth of digital connectivity, the world's dependence on maritime infrastructure remains profound.

He pointed out that more than 95 per cent of global digital traffic is transmitted through fibre-optic cables laid on the ocean floor, making secure and stable seas essential not only for trade but also for global communications.

He stressed that economies around the world continue to rely heavily on maritime routes for the movement of goods and commodities. Factories, farms and urban centres remain dependent on uninterrupted shipping networks, reinforcing the importance of safeguarding international sea lanes.

“Our factories, farms, and the cities continue to depend upon physical flows of the community across the water,” Singh said.

The Defence Minister also underscored the broader significance of the oceans beyond commerce and connectivity. He observed that seas sustain coastal fisheries, play a critical role in regulating the planet's climate systems and contain resources that will be vital for future industrial development and technological advancement.

According to Singh, the international community is fully aware of these shared maritime dependencies. However, he argued that some countries continue to pursue policies designed to leverage control over critical maritime spaces for strategic gain, thereby restricting access to benefits that should remain available to all nations.

“Certain actors and nations seek to exploit the criticality of the oceans for narrow unilateral gain; by pursuing selfish leverage, they seek to deny the shared benefits of the sea to humankind,” he said.

Reiterating his concerns, Singh stated that deliberate trade disruptions, blatant challenges to freedom of navigation and the weaponisation of narrow maritime passages are creating serious pressures on global maritime security.

“Today, the global maritime security environment is strained by deliberate trade disruptions. We see blatant challenges for the freedom of navigation and the weaponisation of the narrow maritime passages. This growing instability in the maritime domain casts a long shadow over the broader international order,” he added.

His remarks come at a time when maritime security has become an increasingly important issue in the Indo-Pacific, a region that hosts some of the world's busiest sea lanes and carries a substantial share of global trade.

The Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue continues to serve as a key platform for discussions on maritime security, regional collaboration and emerging challenges affecting stability, connectivity and prosperity across the region.

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Defence Minister Urges Broader Maritime Security Focus To Protect Undersea Cables And Critical Infrastructure

India’s approach to maritime security must adapt to an increasingly complex threat environment, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said while addressing the Indian Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue (IPRD) in New Delhi on Wednesday.

He stressed that safeguarding traditional shipping routes alone is no longer sufficient, as critical maritime infrastructure now faces a growing range of conventional and non-traditional risks.

Highlighting the expanding scope of maritime vulnerabilities, Singh called for a more comprehensive surveillance architecture capable of monitoring and protecting key assets such as commercial ports, offshore energy facilities, undersea communication cables and other strategically important maritime infrastructure.

He noted that effective maritime security now depends not only on protecting sea lanes but also on maintaining awareness across vast maritime spaces.

“The security of shipping lanes remains essential, but so does the security of ports, undersea cables, offshore energy infrastructure, and other critical maritime assets. The ability to understand what is happening across our maritime spaces has become equally important. The threats may emerge from conventional military activities.

They may also arise from non-traditional challenges, including piracy, trafficking, illegal fishing, cyber attacks, and natural disasters. Our understanding of maritime security must therefore evolve with the changing nature of the maritime domain,” Singh said.

His remarks reflect a significant evolution in India’s maritime domain awareness strategy, expanding the focus from sea lane protection to the security of critical infrastructure that underpins economic activity, communications and national resilience.

Particular emphasis was placed on undersea fibre-optic cable networks, which form the backbone of global digital connectivity. With more than 95 per cent of international internet traffic and financial transactions transmitted through these submerged networks, their protection has become an increasingly important national security concern.

The Defence Minister also underlined the importance of securing offshore oil and gas assets, energy installations and deep-water commercial ports, all of which are central to maintaining economic sovereignty, trade continuity and reliable supply chains.

Beyond conventional military threats, Singh pointed to a range of challenges posed by non-state actors and other disruptive forces.

These include maritime cyber attacks, smuggling operations, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing activities, piracy and climate-related natural disasters. Addressing such threats, he said, requires persistent monitoring, coordinated inter-agency cooperation and agile maritime response capabilities.

The address aligns with India’s broader efforts to strengthen its blue-water naval capabilities and reinforce its strategic presence across the Indian Ocean Region and the wider Indo-Pacific.

In recent years, the Indian Navy has expanded its maritime surveillance capabilities through a combination of coastal radar networks, satellite-based monitoring systems, acoustic sensors and unmanned aerial vehicles, enhancing its ability to track activities across critical maritime zones.

By advocating a more dynamic and integrated maritime security framework, India is seeking to uphold rules-based freedom of navigation while ensuring that vital economic and strategic assets remain protected against an evolving spectrum of asymmetric and hybrid threats.

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CISF And Digital India Corporation Join Forces To Modernise And Integrate IT Systems

The Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) has entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Digital India Corporation (DIC) to undertake a major overhaul of its in-house digital infrastructure.

The two-year initiative is aimed at integrating, modernising and strengthening the cybersecurity of the force’s existing IT ecosystem while improving administrative efficiency and enhancing the welfare of its personnel.

As part of the collaboration, more than 40 digital modules currently operating across different functions of the force will be brought together within a unified, secure and cloud-ready platform. The integrated system is expected to serve around 2.2 lakh CISF personnel by providing seamless access to a wide range of services through a single interface.

DIC, which functions under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), will act as the strategic technology partner, advisory agency and program management support partner throughout the modernisation exercise.

The agreement was signed by Sonia Narang, Inspector General (Technical and Provisioning), CISF, and Debabrata Nayak, Chief Technology Officer, DIC. The signing took place in the presence of CISF Director General Praveer Ranjan and DIC Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer Akhil Kumar.

Implementation will begin with a comprehensive three-month audit of the force’s existing digital infrastructure. This will be followed by phased integration and modernisation of various systems. A key objective is to remove duplication of information across platforms, while enabling automated alerts, real-time request tracking and a more streamlined user experience. Existing digital services will remain fully operational throughout the transition period.

Over the years, the CISF has developed an extensive portfolio of in-house digital solutions covering salaries, training, inventory management, operational functions and personnel-related services. Among the most widely used platforms, the e-Grievance portal has resolved 53,043 out of 55,046 grievances registered so far, while the leave management system has processed more than 95 lakh transactions.

Personnel also benefit from the e-Service Book portal, which allows online access to and verification of service records. Meanwhile, the recently introduced e-Anurodh platform enables personnel to submit requests related to leave, weekly offs and duty changes across 40-50 categories directly through their mobile phones.

Additional welfare-focused digital services include dedicated portals for Ayushman healthcare access, mess feedback, welfare loans and Director General scholarships.

Given the sensitive nature of the force’s operational and personnel data, cybersecurity forms a central pillar of the modernisation effort. The CISF has emphasised that it will continue to retain complete ownership and control of its data, while its own technical teams will carry out the upgrades with expert guidance, mentoring and knowledge transfer from DIC.

For senior leadership, the integrated architecture is expected to deliver real-time, role-based dashboards that will replace labour-intensive manual reporting processes. The enhanced visibility will support faster and more informed decisions regarding manpower deployment, training needs and resource allocation.

The initiative also aligns with the broader Digital India vision of building secure, technology-driven governance systems.

The CISF, which safeguards critical national infrastructure including airports, metro networks, seaports, Parliament and major industrial installations across the country, has increasingly expanded its digital capabilities as part of wider efforts to improve operational efficiency and service delivery.

Speaking on the occasion, CISF Director General Praveer Ranjan said, “The force's in-house teams had developed digital systems used by its personnel daily, and the next step was to integrate them so that personnel spend less time on paperwork and officers get accurate information when required.”

DIC Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer Akhil Kumar said, “The corporation would work alongside the CISF's technical team to integrate the existing systems and strengthen their security, reflecting the Digital India vision of secure and efficient governance.”

The modernisation drive is expected to make CISF’s administrative processes faster, more transparent and more responsive, while significantly strengthening the organisation’s digital infrastructure and long-term technological capabilities.

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Ocean Science Funding Gap Demands Stronger Regional Cooperation, Says Navy Chief Admiral Krishna Swaminathan

Navy Chief Admiral Krishna Swaminathan has called for significantly greater investment in ocean sciences and deeper regional cooperation to tackle mounting maritime and environmental challenges across the Indo-Pacific.

Speaking at the Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue 2026, he warned that climate-related pressures on the world's oceans are intensifying, even as financial support for ocean research remains disproportionately low.

Admiral Swaminathan noted that oceans are becoming warmer and sea levels are continuing to rise, creating far-reaching consequences for coastal communities and maritime economies. He said several nations are already experiencing the effects of El Niño, including increasingly erratic rainfall patterns and a heightened risk of severe cyclones.

He also stressed that marine pollution is a transboundary challenge that does not remain confined to the waters where it originates, making international cooperation essential for effective mitigation. “The oceans are warming, and sea levels are rising.

Several nations are facing the effects of El Niño, increasing erratic rainfall patterns and growing risks of intense cyclones. Marine pollution also does not remain confined to the waters in which it originates. In an era like this, we find that investment in ocean sciences remains low,” he said.

Drawing attention to a major imbalance in global research capabilities, the Navy Chief pointed out that the annual median share of national research budgets devoted to ocean sciences remains below one per cent worldwide. He further noted that just 10 countries operate nearly two-thirds of the world’s research vessels, highlighting the concentration of scientific infrastructure among a limited number of nations.

“The annual median share of national research budgets allocated to ocean sciences remains below 1%, with only 10 countries operating two-thirds of the world's research vessels. The disparity in research effort is also significant. The number of researchers per million inhabitants varies from fewer than a hundred in some regions to over four thousand in others,” he said.

According to Admiral Swaminathan, these disparities underline a broader imbalance in scientific capability and capacity across the world. He argued that narrowing these gaps will require stronger partnerships, greater knowledge sharing and broader collaboration among countries with varying levels of technological advancement.

“This highlights the uneven distribution of scientific capability and capacity globally and reinforces the urgent need for greater collaboration in this field,” he added.

The Navy Chief also voiced concerns over the current approach to technology transfer, saying that efforts often focus on acquiring equipment rather than developing indigenous expertise. He cautioned that such an approach can leave recipient nations dependent on external partners for operational support, maintenance and future upgrades.

“Even in technology transfer, the emphasis often remains on equipment acquisition rather than capability development, which leaves recipient nations dependent on external partners for operation, maintenance, and upgrades,” Swaminathan said.

Advocating a broader and more integrated approach to maritime studies, Admiral Swaminathan urged policymakers, researchers and institutions to move beyond the traditional STEM framework and embrace STEAM by incorporating the arts alongside science, technology, engineering and mathematics. 

He argued that addressing modern maritime challenges requires interdisciplinary thinking that combines physical sciences with life sciences, social sciences, design, creativity and innovation.

“We need to integrate life sciences and social sciences with physical sciences and in viewing the seas move from the academic concept of STEM to a broader form of framework of STEAM that not only incorporates art into its calculus but also encourages interdisciplinary thinking and includes elements of the humanities such as design, creativity, and innovation in our effort towards problem solving,” he said.

Emphasising the broader significance of this approach, the Navy Chief stated that multidisciplinary collaboration is crucial for addressing increasingly complex maritime issues and converting shared regional interests into practical, people-focused outcomes.

He said such efforts would help advance the vision of the Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI) and strengthen collective responses to environmental, scientific and maritime security challenges in the region.

“This wider perspective is essential to address the complex maritime challenges of our times and translate shared interests into practical, people-oriented outcomes that enable us to effectively further the vision of the IPOI,” he added.

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New Agnipath Scheme Extends Agniveer Service To Six Years With New Route To Regular Enrolment

The Centre has approved significant changes to the Agnipath scheme, extending the maximum service tenure for Agniveers from four years to six years and creating an additional pathway for recruits to enter the Armed Forces as regular personnel.

Announcing the decision, Chief of Defence Staff General NS Raja Subramani described it as a “significant day” for the Indian Defence Forces and Agniveers. He stated that the revision follows continuous assessment of Agniveers’ performance over the past four years, during which feedback from the services has been “very positive”.

The revised framework is intended to help the Armed Forces retain trained and experienced personnel while continuing to maintain a youthful force profile. The decision comes as the earliest Agniveer batches approach completion of their initial four-year engagement under the scheme.

Under the updated model, the existing provision remains unchanged for the top 25 per cent of Agniveers selected on merit after four years of service. These personnel will continue to be absorbed into the Army, Navy and Air Force as regular members of the Armed Forces.

A major change affects the remaining 75 per cent of Agniveers. Previously, they were required to leave military service after completing their four-year tenure. Under the new arrangement, they will now be offered the opportunity to continue serving for an additional two years.

Following completion of the extended six-year period, these Agniveers will also be considered for enrolment into the Armed Forces as regular soldiers, provided they are willing to continue their service and meet established objective selection criteria.

The extension also brings enhanced financial benefits. Agniveers serving during the additional two-year period will receive higher remuneration than that available during the original four-year tenure.

During the first year of the extension, monthly pay will be approximately ₹43,500. In the second year, this will increase further to around ₹47,500 per month.

Those choosing to leave service after completing the extended tenure will also receive an enhanced Seva Nidhi package, increasing the financial support available upon exit.

The original Agnipath scheme, launched on 14 June 2022, introduced a short-service recruitment model aimed at bringing younger personnel into the Armed Forces while reducing the long-term pension burden. Under the initial framework, recruits served for four years, with only 25 per cent retained as regular personnel and the remaining 75 per cent returning to civilian life after completing their tenure.

According to the Ministry of Defence, extensive feedback gathered over four years of implementation has highlighted several achievements of the scheme. Officials reported that Agnipath has broadened the reach of defence recruitment across districts throughout the country, giving more young people the opportunity to join the Armed Forces.

The scheme has also helped establish a more standardised and transparent recruitment process. Defence authorities noted that Agniveers have consistently demonstrated high levels of physical fitness, morale, motivation, discipline and competitive spirit during their service.

In addition, the initiative has contributed to skill development, educational advancement and greater technological adaptability among recruits, helping prepare them for both military and civilian careers.

Another notable outcome has been the expansion of opportunities for women within various branches of the Armed Forces, opening new avenues for their participation in military service.

With the latest reforms, the Government aims to strengthen retention of experienced personnel, provide greater career certainty to recruits and create a broader route towards permanent military service while preserving the core objectives of the Agnipath scheme.

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EAM Jaishankar, UK PM Burnham Discuss Economic Partnership And CETA On CHOGM Sidelines

External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar met United Kingdom Prime Minister Andy Burnham on the sidelines of the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) 2026 in St John’s, Antigua and Barbuda, where the two leaders reviewed bilateral ties and explored opportunities to further strengthen economic cooperation.

The discussions focused particularly on advancing the India-UK economic partnership in the context of the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), while also covering developments in the wider global landscape.

During the meeting, Jaishankar conveyed Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s warm wishes to the British Prime Minister. Reflecting on the talks, he stated, “Pleased to meet PM @andyburnham of the United Kingdom on the sidelines of #CHOGM2026. Conveyed PM @narendramodi’s warm wishes. Discussed strengthening our economic partnership in the context of CETA, as well as the global landscape.”

The engagement comes at a time when India and the United Kingdom are seeking to deepen commercial and investment links through enhanced trade frameworks and closer economic collaboration.

The deliberations underscored the shared interest of both nations in expanding trade, investment and growth opportunities amid evolving global economic conditions.

Separately, Jaishankar addressed the Commonwealth Heads of Government and Business Leaders Breakfast Meeting at the Retreat, where he emphasised the importance of strengthening trade and business cooperation across Commonwealth countries.

He called on member nations to de-risk and diversify their economic engagements by building shorter, resilient and trusted supply chains while improving connectivity corridors to facilitate smoother business activity and investment flows.

Highlighting practical measures to strengthen economic integration, Jaishankar advocated enhancing local distribution networks, expanding training and capacity-building initiatives, and making greater use of the extensive Indian business community across the world as a valuable asset for Commonwealth economies.

He also stressed that digital solutions have the potential to transform governance, efficiency and economic growth, pointing to technology as a key driver of future development.

In addition, he urged stronger collaboration on climate action through initiatives such as the International Solar Alliance and the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure.

Drawing attention to India’s experience in humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations, Jaishankar highlighted the importance of establishing local hubs and encouraging greater mobility of skills among Commonwealth partners to improve resilience and foster sustainable development.

Earlier, on 4 November, Jaishankar represented India at the Commonwealth Heads of Government Executive Session, where he showcased India’s digital public infrastructure model and highlighted the country’s recent free trade agreements as examples of its growing economic engagement with international partners.

CHOGM 2026 is being held in St John’s, Antigua and Barbuda, under the theme “Accelerating Partnerships and Investment for a Prosperous Commonwealth”, bringing together leaders and stakeholders to discuss trade, investment, development and cooperation across the Commonwealth.

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'Diwali Gift' For Agniveers: Former Navy Chief Dinesh K Tripathi Welcomes Tenure Extension, Highlights Indian Navy's Expanding Maritime Role

Former Chief of the Naval Staff Dinesh K Tripathi has welcomed the reported decision to extend the service tenure of 75 per cent of outgoing Agniveers by two years, describing the move as a "Diwali gift" for the young personnel and their families.

Speaking on the sidelines of the sixth edition of the Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue (IPRD) in New Delhi, he said the extension would also benefit the armed forces by allowing them to retain trained manpower for a longer period.

Tripathi noted that although he had not personally reviewed the decision while attending the conference, he had been informed that 75 per cent of Agniveers from different services who were due to retire at the end of the month would receive a two-year extension.

Emphasising the advantages of the move, he remarked, "So this is a very good thing. I'd call it a Diwali gift for those 75 per cent of Agniveers. For them, their families, their friends, and the army. It's also good for the army to have this trained manpower for two more years. You couldn't ask for anything better. It's a great win-win situation for everyone."

The former Navy chief also reflected on the significance of the Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue, describing it as the Indian Navy's flagship strategic forum. He explained that the National Maritime Foundation serves as the event's knowledge partner and is responsible for designing, planning and executing the dialogue in collaboration with the Navy.

According to Tripathi, this year's discussions were centred on the Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI), unveiled by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2019 to strengthen regional cooperation across several maritime sectors. He explained that the initiative is built around seven pillars and that each edition of the dialogue focuses on one specific area for deeper examination by Indian and international experts.

For the first time, the forum concentrated on science, technology and academic cooperation within the Indo-Pacific region. Tripathi said the event featured extensive and open discussions involving prominent speakers and specialists from India and abroad. He added that a detailed report containing the conclusions and recommendations emerging from the dialogue would be submitted to the government to support future policy considerations and regional engagement efforts.

Commenting on the Indian Navy's recent rescue operation involving 20 Iranian nationals at sea, which drew appreciation from Tehran, Tripathi outlined the four traditional roles performed by a modern navy. He explained that the first is the military role associated with wartime operations, while the second is the constabulary role aimed at combating transnational maritime crime.

The third, he said, is the Navy's benign role, which includes search-and-rescue missions as well as Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) operations. He highlighted that such missions demonstrate the Navy's commitment to safeguarding lives and providing assistance during emergencies across the maritime domain.

The fourth role, according to Tripathi, is diplomatic. Stressing the unique position of naval forces in international engagement, he stated, "The fourth role is diplomatic, because we believe that every sailor and every ship is a mobile diplomat for India." He further noted that naval vessels frequently act as representatives of their nations abroad and possess a unique ability to visit ports around the world with official permission, strengthening international relationships and cooperation.

Tripathi's remarks are consistent with his longstanding support for the Agniveer scheme. During the passing-out parade of the fourth batch of Agniveers at INS Chilka in Odisha on August 10, 2024, he had expressed confidence in the initiative's progress and effectiveness.

Recalling his involvement during the scheme's implementation, he said, "I was the Chief of Personnel in 2022 when the Agnipath scheme was introduced. Now, two years later, we have just seen the fourth batch pass out on Friday from our premier training establishment, INS Chilka. The scheme is going well. We have trained more than 2,500 Agniveers in the first three batches."

He further highlighted that the fourth batch comprised approximately 1,429 Agniveers, including around 300 women, reflecting the growing participation of women in the armed forces. Based on his interactions with Agniveers during training and operational deployments, Tripathi observed that they were highly motivated, enthusiastic and fully integrated into the Indian Navy.

The passing-out parade of the fourth batch was held at INS Chilka, the Navy's premier training establishment in Odisha, marking another milestone in the implementation of the Agnipath recruitment model as the services continue to integrate young personnel into their ranks while balancing long-term manpower requirements.

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Foreign Secretary Misri, Nepal's Finance Minister Discuss Broadening India-Nepal Economic Cooperation During Kathmandu Visit

India’s Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri held a series of high-level engagements in Kathmandu on Wednesday, including a courtesy call on Nepal’s Finance Minister Swarnim Wagle, as part of his two-day official visit aimed at reviewing the full spectrum of bilateral relations and advancing cooperation between the neighbouring countries.

During the meeting at Nepal’s Ministry of Finance, Misri and Wagle explored multiple areas of economic cooperation between India and Nepal. According to Nepal’s Ministry of Finance, “During the meeting, Hon. Finance Minister Dr. Wagle and Foreign Secretary Shri Misri discussed various areas of economic cooperation between the two countries.”

The discussions reflected the growing importance of economic collaboration in the India-Nepal relationship, particularly in sectors such as trade, infrastructure development, cross-border connectivity, energy cooperation and investment. India remains Nepal’s largest trading partner and a major development partner, with both countries continuing to strengthen economic integration through a range of bilateral initiatives.

Misri also held bilateral talks with his Nepalese counterpart, Foreign Secretary Amrit Bahadur Rai. The discussions covered the entire spectrum of Nepal-India relations, including the exchange of high-level visits, connectivity, trade, development cooperation, energy and people-to-people ties.

Nepal’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that the talks covered the “entire gamut of Nepal-India relations”, underscoring the close and enduring partnership shared by the two countries. The meeting highlighted the commitment of both sides to maintaining momentum in bilateral engagement across multiple sectors.

In another key engagement, Misri paid a courtesy call on Nepal’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, Shisir Khanal. During their meeting, the two sides reviewed ways to further deepen their multifaceted partnership and strengthen the longstanding bonds of friendship between Nepal and India.

The discussions focused on “various matters related to further deepening the multifaceted partnership”, reflecting ongoing diplomatic efforts to expand cooperation and reinforce mutual trust.

Misri arrived in Kathmandu earlier in the day and was received at Tribhuvan International Airport by Nepal’s Joint Secretary Gehendra Rajbhandari and India’s newly appointed Ambassador to Nepal, Sudhakar Dalela.

The visit, undertaken at the invitation of Foreign Secretary Rai, is principally aimed at reviewing bilateral relations in their entirety and exchanging views on issues of mutual interest. Particular attention is being given to preparations for Nepali Prime Minister Balendra Shah’s proposed official visit to New Delhi later this month.

Before concluding his visit and returning to New Delhi on Thursday, Misri is also scheduled to call on Prime Minister Shah. The trip marks his second visit to Kathmandu since assuming office as India’s Foreign Secretary in July 2024.

India and Nepal share deep historical, cultural, religious and people-to-people connections, supported by extensive cooperation in trade, connectivity, hydropower development, energy security, development projects and border management.

Recent high-level exchanges have continued to emphasise the importance both governments attach to preserving close and friendly relations while responding to evolving regional dynamics.

The latest round of meetings in Kathmandu reaffirms the shared intent of both countries to build upon their longstanding partnership through enhanced economic cooperation, stronger diplomatic engagement and expanded collaboration across a broad range of strategic sectors.

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'War Cost Us The Midterms': Vance Blames Iran Conflict For Republican Defeat, Urges America First Reset

US Vice President JD Vance has openly attributed the Republican Party’s sweeping defeat in the 2026 midterm elections to the war with Iran, arguing that voter anger over the conflict outweighed concerns about turnout and became the decisive factor behind the party’s losses.

Reflecting on the election results, Vance said internal Republican analysis had initially provided reasons for optimism. Campaign data suggested that conservative voters were turning out in strong numbers across much of the country, despite polling that pointed to a significant Democratic advantage.

In several states, turnout was described as solid, while in others it exceeded expectations, reinforcing a belief within Republican circles that the party remained highly motivated.

However, Vance said party analysts repeatedly warned that turnout was not the central issue. According to him, the data indicated that a substantial number of voters who supported the Trump-Vance ticket in the 2024 presidential election intended to back Democratic candidates in 2026.

Recalling a conversation with a senior data strategist, Vance wrote: “No. We might do better than the polls suggest. But the data is telling us that a lot of Trump/Vance 2024 voters are pissed and planning to vote for the other guys. Our voters are turning out, but they may not vote for us.”

He stressed that “The main problem is not turnout,” adding, “The main problem is that many people who voted for Trump/Vance in 2024 voted for Democrats in 2026.”

Rejecting arguments that the defeat stemmed primarily from economic messaging failures, Vance argued that foreign policy concerns proved far more damaging politically. He said the conflict with Iran fundamentally altered voter attitudes and became the dominant issue influencing former Republican supporters.

“The real reason we lost is obvious to almost everyone... The reason we lost is the war. The president himself said so last night,” Vance stated.

The Vice President revealed that polling conducted among former Republican voters identified four key demands that could potentially win them back: ending the war, focusing on the cost of living and inflation, putting America First, and changing the United States’ relationship with Israel.

According to Vance, these concerns accounted for the overwhelming majority of responses from voters who had abandoned the Republican Party. He noted that one respected pollster had projected Republicans would lose the generic congressional ballot by as many as 13 points, a forecast that ultimately reflected the depth of voter dissatisfaction.

Vance also pointed to Florida as evidence that turnout alone could not explain the election outcome. He noted that the state’s electorate remained significantly more Republican than Democratic, only slightly weaker than in 2024, yet the party still struggled because some traditional Republican voters crossed party lines in protest against the administration’s foreign policy decisions.

Defending critics within conservative circles who had advocated a negotiated settlement to the conflict, Vance argued that their assessment of public opinion proved accurate. He specifically cited commentator Rachel Campos-Duffy, saying attacks directed at her calls for a diplomatic resolution were misplaced because her political judgement aligned closely with voter sentiment.

Looking ahead, Vance warned against what he described as attempts by establishment figures to reinterpret the reasons behind the defeat. In particular, he rejected suggestions that immigration amnesty could help the party recover politically, claiming that such proposals misdiagnose the causes of voter discontent.

“If you'd like to argue it was worth it, that losing the Senate for the next 6 years was worth it, then do so. Argue it was a worthwhile cost to pay. Agree or disagree, that's at least honest. But everyone knows why we lost,” he wrote.

Addressing disappointed supporters directly, Vance acknowledged that many critics had predicted the political consequences of the Iran conflict in advance. “To the people who are pissed off and want to say, ‘I told you so’: you’re right, you did tell us so,” he said, urging conservatives to channel their frustration into electing future Republican candidates who share an America First agenda.

His remarks followed comments from President Donald Trump, who also conceded that the war played a role in the party’s disappointing electoral performance. In a telephone interview, Trump acknowledged that “Iran was a piece of it” when discussing the Republicans’ poor showing, while maintaining that he continued to support his decision to launch the military campaign earlier in the year.

The Republican setback comes amid a wider Democratic resurgence in the 2026 midterm elections. Major United States television networks projected that Democrats would regain control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, dramatically reshaping the political balance in Washington.

Control of the House would enable Democrats to intensify oversight of the Trump administration through investigations and committee hearings, while a Senate majority would strengthen the party’s influence over legislation and presidential nominations, potentially complicating the administration’s agenda during the remainder of Trump’s term.

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