Tuesday, August 4, 2026

Lashkar Terror Group Leader Admits Over 30 Operatives Killed By Indian Agents In Pakistan Since 2020


A rare public admission by Lashkar-e-Taiba operative Rizwan Hanif has confirmed that over 30 members of the terror outfit have been killed in Pakistan since 2020, allegedly by Indian intelligence agents.

His hate-filled speech, delivered in Pakistan and now circulating widely, underscores both the scale of losses suffered by LeT and the group’s continued use of sectarian rhetoric to radicalise audiences.

Rizwan Hanif, a senior Lashkar-e-Taiba figure, openly acknowledged that more than three dozen operatives linked to the banned organisation have been eliminated in recent years.

He claimed that Indian intelligence agents were responsible for the killings, which took place across multiple Pakistani cities including Peshawar, Karachi, Rawalpindi, Muzaffarabad, and Rawalakot.

This admission is significant because LeT leaders rarely concede such losses publicly, preferring to maintain an image of strength and resilience.

Hanif alleged that the killings were carried out through what he described as an “unknown gunman model,” a method that has been repeatedly observed in Pakistan since 2020.

Numerous high-profile terrorists have been assassinated in similar fashion, often in urban centres, fuelling speculation about covert operations. Pakistan has frequently accused India of orchestrating these eliminations, though New Delhi has consistently rejected such claims.

In his address, Hanif declared, “In the last four years, 30 of our people were killed by Indian intelligence agents—someone in Peshawar, someone in Karachi, someone in Rawalpindi, someone in Muzaffarabad, someone in Rawalakot.” He further alleged that operatives in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir had been unable to live in peace due to the campaign, insisting that their “only crime” was their religious belief.

The speech was marked by deeply offensive and inflammatory remarks against Hindus and Jews. Hanif mocked Hindu practices by naming deities such as Hanuman, Ghanshyam, and Hariram, and derided Jewish traditions by referring to calf worship.

He declared that as long as Muslims lived, they would never allow cows or calves to be worshipped. Such rhetoric highlights how terrorist organisations exploit religious sentiment to incite hatred, deepen sectarian divides, and radicalise vulnerable populations.

Observers note that Hanif’s remarks amount to one of the clearest admissions of LeT’s losses in recent years. The group has faced repeated setbacks, with senior commanders and mid-level operatives eliminated in targeted attacks.

Analysts suggest that these killings have disrupted LeT’s command structure, though the group continues to recruit and propagate extremist ideology. The admission also reflects growing panic within LeT’s ranks, as leaders struggle to explain the scale of attrition to their followers.

The video of Hanif’s speech has gone viral on social media, drawing attention from regional security analysts.

His comments have been interpreted as both a propaganda effort to rally supporters and a reluctant acknowledgement of the group’s vulnerability. The sectarian attacks embedded in his speech serve as a reminder of the toxic narratives used by extremist organisations to sustain their relevance.

For India, the admission is being closely scrutinised as evidence of the effectiveness of counter-terrorism measures.

However, officials caution that the elimination of operatives does not necessarily reduce the threat, as successor networks and ideological indoctrination can quickly fill the vacuum.

The broader implication is that Lashkar-e-Taiba, despite suffering losses, remains a dangerous actor capable of destabilising regional security.

Agencies


India Debates Unified Rocket And Missile Force Amid Strategic Shifts


India’s contemplation of a unified rocket and missile force stems from the lessons of recent conflicts, where salvoes of missiles, swarms of drones and precision-guided munitions have defined the frontline of modern warfare, India Today reported.

Operation Sindoor in May 2025 highlighted this reality, as India employed BrahMos, Pralay, SCALP cruise missiles, long-range artillery and kamikaze drones to strike terrorist infrastructure and military targets across Pakistan.

The operation raised a fundamental question for planners: should India establish a dedicated rocket and missile force to marshal its growing arsenal more effectively, or can existing structures suffice?

An integrated missile force would provide a single framework for India’s expanding inventory of conventional precision-strike weapons, including drones. Military planners argue that such a force would streamline resource management, shorten decision cycles and enable faster responses during crises.

It would also reinforce the emerging ‘Sindoor Doctrine’ of swift, calibrated conventional strikes below the nuclear threshold. Analysts note that in an era of uncertain wartime supply chains, better management of missile power is not a luxury but a necessity.

At present, India’s rocket and missile systems are dispersed across the services. The Army operates surface-to-surface missiles such as Pralay, Prahaar and Shaurya, longer-range cruise missiles like BrahMos and Nirbhay, and battlefield rockets through Pinaka and Smerch launchers.

The Air Force controls air-launched missiles including Astra, BrahMos-A and SCALP, while both the Army and Air Force manage surface-to-air systems like Akash, Barak-8 and S-400.

The Navy operates ship- and submarine-launched BrahMos variants, anti-ship and land-attack missiles, and ship-based air defence systems like Dhanush. Nuclear-capable ballistic missiles such as Agni and submarine-launched K-series systems remain under the Strategic Forces Command.


The strategic environment strengthens the case for integration. China’s People’s Liberation Army Rocket Force (PLARF) and Pakistan’s Army Rocket Force Command (ARFC) are dedicated structures that recognise long-range precision weapons as central instruments of deterrence.

India’s dispersed arrangements compare unfavourably, according to experts. Outgoing Army Chief General Upendra Dwivedi emphasised the urgency, noting that both China and Pakistan have established rocket forces and India must follow suit. He suggested the force might initially be placed under the Army’s artillery branch, though its final organisational placement remains undecided.

Defence Secretary R.K. Singh confirmed that India is working to develop a conventional missile force spanning short-, medium- and long-range systems. He cited evolving global conflicts and Pakistan’s growing conventional missile capabilities as drivers of this strategic shift. Senior officials indicate that the proposal enjoys strong backing from the National Security Council, though final approval is pending.


Analysts such as Christopher Clary observe that there is no universal model for missile force organisation—Russia and China maintain dedicated forces, while others integrate assets within nuclear commands or distribute them among services.

Pakistan’s ARFC, announced by Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif in August 2025, focuses on conventional deterrence with systems like Abdali, Ghaznavi, Fatah and Babur cruise missiles. Its nuclear-capable arsenal remains under the Army Strategic Forces Command.

Experts argue that Operation Sindoor exposed gaps in Pakistan’s deterrence, prompting the creation of ARFC. China’s PLARF, by contrast, is among the world’s largest missile forces, responsible for both nuclear and conventional long-range strike operations, including advanced hypersonic weapons, giving Beijing the ability to conduct precision strikes across the Indo-Pacific.

Yet opposition exists within India’s defence establishment. Lt Gen. P Ravi Shankar contends that India already possesses the nucleus of a deep-strike force in its three artillery divisions, which integrate artillery, rockets, BrahMos and other missiles under established command networks.

He advocates expanding these divisions with newer long-range missiles, UAVs and joint-service staffing rather than duplicating structures. His proposal envisions nine artillery divisions deployed across theatres facing China, Pakistan, the Andaman and Nicobar Command and the mainland, forming an integrated DRAM—Drones, Rockets, Artillery and Missiles—ecosystem networked through ISR and joint theatre commands.

Lt Gen. Anil K. Ahuja similarly argues that a missile force would require heavy logistical investments better directed towards expanding missile inventories. He calls for clearer coordination between the Army and Air Force on long-range strike roles, stressing that the debate should focus on maximising strike capability at minimal organisational cost.

Clary also believes an integrated force is unnecessary unless joint processes fail or services neglect long-range strike priorities. Most militaries, he notes, distribute strike capabilities across services and rely on joint targeting mechanisms.

The government appears inclined towards establishing a missile force, but experts remain divided. All agree, however, that India’s rocket and missile capabilities must expand continuously through newer indigenous systems.

The debate reflects a broader tension between organisational reform and capability enhancement, with India weighing whether a unified missile force is the best path to deep-strike dominance or whether existing structures can be strengthened to meet future challenges.

Agencies


India Rejects U.S. F-35 Offer To Protect Strategic Autonomy And Indigenous Defence Goals


India rejected the U.S. F-35 stealth fighter offer due to a combination of strategic autonomy, cost concerns, lack of technology transfer, and incompatibility with existing Russian-origin systems, Mirror Now reported.

New Delhi chose to prioritise its indigenous AMCA project and the ‘Make in India’ defence push rather than depend on American supply chains.

India’s decision not to pursue the F-35 Lightning-II was shaped by several critical factors.

The aircraft was pitched by Donald Trump during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s 2025 visit to Washington. While the announcement was framed as part of expanding U.S.–India defence ties, New Delhi viewed it as a proposal rather than a concrete deal. Indian officials clarified that no formal acquisition process had begun, and opposition parties criticised the offer as prohibitively expensive.

The F-35 is priced at around $80 million per unit, but its operational ecosystem requires integration with the U.S.-controlled ODIN logistics and mission data network. This dependency conflicted with India’s long-standing policy of strategic autonomy.

Moreover, the aircraft’s interoperability with India’s Russian-origin platforms such as the Su-30MKI fleet, Il-78 refuelling aircraft, and the S-400 Triumf air defence system was seen as problematic. Washington feared that stealth data could be compromised if the F-35 operated alongside Russian systems.

India’s defence planners also highlighted the restrictive nature of U.S. defence exports. Unlike Russia’s Su-57 offer, which included co-production and technology transfer, the F-35 deal would have been a standard supply contract without access to source codes or design data. This clashed with India’s ‘Make in India’ initiative, which demands local manufacturing and industrial participation.

Operational costs were another deterrent. The F-35 has high hourly flight maintenance expenses and faces supply chain delays, including engine bottlenecks. India, already struggling with declining squadron strength, preferred to channel resources into the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) program, which promises indigenous stealth capability and long-term technological sovereignty.

Geopolitically, India’s rejection also reflected caution over U.S. sanctions history. Washington had previously penalised Turkey under CAATSA for acquiring the Russian S-400 while being part of the F-35 program. New Delhi feared similar vulnerabilities if it accepted the American jet while continuing to operate Russian systems.

The broader strategic context includes China’s deployment of hundreds of J-20 stealth fighters and Pakistan’s potential acquisition of the Chinese J-35. While this has intensified regional stealth competition, India remains committed to building its own capabilities rather than importing off-the-shelf solutions. The AMCA project, backed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and private industry, is central to this vision.

Ultimately, India’s rejection of the F-35 was not a dismissal of advanced technology but a deliberate choice to safeguard sovereign defence strategy, industrial growth, and long-term flexibility.

Agencies


Astrobase To Unveil India’s First 80‑Ton FFSC Rocket Engine On August 8


Astrobase Space Technologies will unveil India’s first fully integrated 80‑ton‑class Full Flow Staged Combustion (FFSC) rocket engine on Friday, 8 August 2026, MoneyControl reported.

This milestone positions India among a select group of nations capable of advancing FFSC propulsion, a technology central to reusable launch vehicles and high‑efficiency space missions.

India’s private space sector is preparing for a landmark propulsion announcement. Astrobase confirmed via social media on 4 August that its 80‑ton‑class FFSC engine will be formally revealed on 8 August.

The company describes this as a major breakthrough in India’s launch technology, marking the first time a private Indian firm has developed such an advanced cryogenic propulsion system.

The FFSC cycle is considered one of the most complex and efficient rocket engine architectures. In this design, all of the fuel and oxidiser are channelled into separate pre-burners before entering the main combustion chamber.

This process maximises efficiency, reduces mechanical stress on components, and enables higher thrust and specific impulse compared to conventional staged combustion engines.

The same principle underpins SpaceX’s Raptor engines, placing Astrobase’s work firmly within the global cutting edge.

The engine is rated at approximately 80 tons of thrust, equivalent to about 780 kilonewtons. Such engines are suitable for powering medium‑lift rockets and can be clustered together to drive larger launch vehicles.

This scalability makes them vital for commercial missions, re‑entry rocket designs, and future reusable launch systems. Astrobase has already demonstrated sub‑scale hot‑fire tests in September 2025 and high‑speed turbopump trials in January 2026, with full‑scale hot‑fire and stage static fire tests scheduled later this year.

Methane fuel is central to the design philosophy. Its cleaner combustion reduces soot and thermal stress, making engines more suitable for reusability. This aligns with global trends in space technology, where reusability is seen as the key to lowering costs and increasing launch cadence. Astrobase also employs 3D‑printed core components, enabling rapid iteration, faster production cycles, and cost‑effective scaling.

The company operates a 21.5‑acre propulsion test facility in Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, capable of handling thrust levels up to 200 tons (2,000 kN). Alongside this, it maintains a 46,000 sq ft assembly and integration facility in Bangalore, ensuring end‑to‑end design, manufacturing, and testing within India. This infrastructure underscores Astrobase’s commitment to sovereign capability and aligns with the national vision of building a $44 billion space economy by 2034.

Astrobase’s program has already secured formal backing from IN‑SPACe under the Technology Adoption Fund. Following a year‑long technical evaluation, the regulator selected Astrobase as one of only three firms from a pool of 47 applicants to receive support.

This endorsement validates the company’s active development, real test infrastructure, and clear roadmap towards deployment. The support agreement, signed in June 2026, ties funding to defined technical milestones, ensuring accountability and progress.

The unveiling on 8 August is expected to provide further specifications of the engine and details of the rocket it will power. If successful, the engine could become a cornerstone of India’s next generation of reusable launch vehicles and more powerful commercial rockets.

This development reflects a significant step in India’s space ambitions, reducing reliance on foreign technology and strengthening domestic launch capabilities.

Agencies


Pratham Pro UAV Sets New Benchmark In High-Altitude Industrial And Surveillance Operations


Pratham Pro is a high-endurance UAV developed by KD Aerospace Systems in Noida, India, designed for industrial mapping, surveillance, and high-altitude operations.

It combines rugged engineering with advanced payload integration, including LiDAR and EO-IR systems, making it one of the most capable indigenous drones for demanding environments.

The Pratham Pro is built around a rapid-deployment, foldable frame that allows transition from a compact transport case to flight readiness in under a minute. This design ensures portability and quick assembly, which is critical for operations in remote or hostile terrain.

The rugged composite structure is engineered to withstand harsh conditions, including extreme temperatures ranging from minus 20°C to plus 60°C, and altitudes up to 5,500 metres above mean sea level. Redundant GPS systems and foldable propellers further enhance reliability and ease of transport.

Endurance is a defining feature of the Pratham Pro. It offers up to 70 minutes of flight time with maximum payload and up to 90 minutes without payload, making it suitable for extended missions.

The operational range is over 5 kilometres, with wind resistance up to 12 m/s, ensuring stability in mountainous and high-altitude environments. The maximum take-off weight is 6.5 kilograms, allowing it to carry heavy-duty industrial sensors and advanced payloads.

Payload integration is a key strength. The UAV supports EO-IR dual vision payloads, including a 4K electro-optical camera, thermal imaging options with resolutions of 640×480 and 1280×720, and a laser rangefinder with a reach of up to 3,000 metres.

It also features an 80× zoom capability, with 40× optical zoom, enabling detailed surveillance and mapping. The system is fully optimised for LiDAR surveying, generating precise 3D point clouds for industrial and environmental applications.

The UAV is designed for multiple operational modes, including autonomous, manual, and target tracking. Mission planning can be conducted remotely, with automated flight paths and real-time data transmission.

This reduces operator workload and enhances mission efficiency. The platform is also compatible with advanced geolocation modules such as PPK, ensuring high-precision mapping and surveying.

KD Aerospace Systems, formerly known as Karman Drones, has positioned the Pratham Pro as part of India’s growing indigenous UAV ecosystem. The company secured DGCA Type Certification for its earlier Pratham UAV, affirming compliance with Indian aviation standards.

Building on this foundation, the Pratham Pro addresses the demand for high-altitude surveillance and industrial applications. The firm also develops tethered aerial robots capable of 24-hour continuous operations, expanding its portfolio for defence and civilian use.

The Pratham Pro reflects India’s push for self-reliance in aerospace and defence manufacturing under the Make in India initiative.

Its indigenous composite airframe reduces weight while enhancing durability, minimising maintenance needs. Future prospects include integration with AI-driven analytics for enhanced threat detection, swarm operations, and expanded industrial applications.

By combining endurance, payload versatility, rugged design, and indigenous manufacturing, the Pratham Pro stands as a benchmark in India’s UAV development, suitable for both defence and civilian sectors requiring reliable aerial solutions in challenging environments.

Agencies


Manastu Space Qualifies Sharanga Green Micro‑Propulsion System For CubeSats Up To 50 Kg


Sharanga, an indigenous green micro‑propulsion system developed by Mumbai‑based Manastu Space, has been purpose‑built for CubeSats and small satellites weighing up to 50 kilograms, offering sustainable manoeuvring capabilities in low‑Earth orbit.

This innovation represents a major step forward in India’s private space sector, combining advanced engineering with environmentally responsible propellant technology.

The propulsion system delivers ultra‑fine throttleable thrust in the range of 1 to 10 milli‑Newtons. This precision output allows satellites to perform delicate orbital manoeuvres such as station‑keeping, attitude correction, and controlled de‑orbiting.

Despite its compact size, Sharanga provides a total impulse of 500 Newton‑seconds, ensuring sufficient energy for extended mission lifetimes while maintaining a lightweight and low‑power architecture.

At the heart of Sharanga lies Manastu Space’s proprietary MS‑289 blend, a high‑test peroxide‑based green propellant. Unlike conventional toxic fuels such as hydrazine, MS‑289 is non‑toxic and non‑carcinogenic, decomposing into harmless by‑products.

This makes the system safer to handle, reduces environmental risks, and aligns with the global push towards sustainable space programs. The adoption of this propellant also lowers regulatory hurdles, enabling faster deployment for satellite operators.

Sharanga has been designed for compatibility with CubeSat platforms ranging from 3U to 10U+ configurations. Its modular design ensures ease of integration into diverse spacecraft architectures, providing flexibility for missions across Earth observation, communications, and scientific research. By addressing the propulsion needs of satellites up to 50 kilograms, the system fills a critical gap in the small satellite ecosystem.

The propulsion unit has been developed under the iDEX Defence Innovation Organisation’s SPARK grant, which supports indigenous innovation in strategic technologies. Sharanga has successfully undergone vibration and thermo‑vacuum testing at the IN‑SPACe facility in Ahmedabad.

These rigorous trials validated its ability to withstand the harsh vacuum and extreme thermal conditions of space, proving its reliability for real‑world orbital operations.

With these achievements, Sharanga has reached a Technology Readiness Level of 7, signifying system prototype demonstration in a space environment. This milestone indicates that the propulsion system is mature enough for deployment in upcoming missions, offering satellite operators a proven solution for sustainable orbital manoeuvring.

The system’s mission applications are wide‑ranging. It can support orbit raising for satellites launched into lower orbits, provide precise attitude correction for payload alignment, enable collision avoidance manoeuvres to mitigate space debris risks, and facilitate controlled de‑orbiting at the end of mission life. These capabilities are increasingly vital in today’s congested orbital environment, where safety and sustainability are paramount.

Sharanga’s success also highlights the growing role of private companies in India’s space sector. By leveraging government support through iDEX and testing facilities at IN‑SPACe, Manastu Space has demonstrated how start-ups can deliver world‑class technologies that complement ISRO’s programs. 

This achievement strengthens India’s position in the global space economy and underscores its commitment to fostering innovation in satellite mobility.

As the demand for small satellites continues to rise worldwide, Sharanga offers a future‑ready propulsion solution that combines precision, safety, and sustainability. Its indigenous design and green propellant technology make it a landmark development in India’s journey towards self‑reliance in advanced space systems.

Agencies


Pakistani And Qatari Mediators Accused of Bias Towards Iran, Saudi Arabia Criticised For Weakness By General Jack Keane


Retired US General Jack Keane, a prominent defence analyst and supporter of President Donald Trump, has sharply criticised the role of Pakistan and Qatar in mediating efforts between Washington and Tehran.

His remarks followed Trump’s decision to halt plans for a massive strike on Iran in favour of reopening diplomatic engagement. Keane alleged that both countries are “compromised” because they favour Iran over the United States, thereby undermining American diplomacy.

Keane, who serves as Chairman of the Institute for the Study of War and sits on the Secretary of Defense Policy Board, has advised four US Defence Secretaries and contributed to the Congressional Commission on the National Defence Strategy in 2018 and 2022.

Speaking to Fox News, he argued that the mediators’ bias had misled Washington about Iran’s true intentions. He stressed that intelligence services and regional actors alike recognise Pakistan and Qatar’s alignment with Tehran, making their role as mediators problematic.

He also turned his criticism towards Saudi Arabia, accusing Riyadh of discouraging Washington from taking stronger military action against Iran.

Keane claimed that Saudi Arabia denied the United States access to its airbases and airspace during discussions over the Strait of Hormuz, advising against military operations on the grounds that they would fail. He alleged that Saudi officials repeatedly urged Washington to pursue negotiations instead of military confrontation.

According to Keane, Saudi Arabia’s reluctance stems from its unwillingness to risk casualties or damage to its oil infrastructure. He argued that Riyadh expects the United States and Israel to bear the burden of confronting Iran while avoiding sacrifices itself.

He described this as a shameful lack of resolve, pointing out that Washington had defended Saudi Arabia during the Gulf War and maintained strategic ties even after tensions following the killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.

Keane’s remarks underscore his belief that Saudi Arabia lacks the courage to stand up for its people and the wider region. He accused Riyadh of failing to support President Trump’s stance against Iran’s aggression, despite the long-standing security relationship between the two nations.

His comments reflect his personal assessment of the strategic roles played by Pakistan, Qatar and Saudi Arabia in the broader US-Iran dynamic, though they have not been independently verified.

These statements come amid ongoing discussions over regional security and diplomatic manoeuvres involving multiple Middle Eastern stakeholders. Keane’s intervention highlights the growing debate within Washington over the reliability of its partners and mediators in the complex confrontation with Iran.

ANI


Xi’s Sweeping Purge Reshapes PLA Leadership Amid Loyalty Drive


Chairman Xi Jinping is continuing his determined effort to restore order within the People’s Liberation Army, as the upper ranks of China’s military remain in constant flux. Senior officers are repeatedly promoted and then discarded, with Xi himself driving this cycle.

His inability to select reliable leaders raises questions about his judgement, or perhaps it simply exposes the depth of corruption and factionalism within the PLA.

According to data compiled by the Center for Strategic and International Studies, 101 senior officers have been removed since 2022, representing more than half of the PLA’s leadership.

This scale of purge is unprecedented and reflects Xi’s drive to eliminate entrenched patronage networks and enforce absolute loyalty to the Communist Party. His recent promotions of General Zhang Shuguang and General Wang Gang are intended to stabilise the command structure after years of turmoil.

General Zhang now leads the PLA’s Discipline Inspection Commission and Supervisory Commission, making him central to Xi’s anti-corruption campaign. His appointment is not about battlefield experience but about ensuring political control and internal rectification. Analysts suggest he could be elevated to the Central Military Commission at the next Party Congress.

General Wang, meanwhile, heads the Air Force. His background as an aerobatic pilot and his visit to Pakistan after the 2025 border clash with India highlight his operational credibility. His promotion is seen as a move to reassure the PLAAF amid corruption investigations into figures such as Yang Wei, designer of the J-20 fighter.

These appointments bring the number of active generals to six, including Defence Minister Dong Jun and Eastern Theater Commander Yang Zhibin. Yet the absence of younger officers in top positions shows Xi’s cautious approach. Experts argue that while these moves strengthen political reliability, they may weaken combat readiness. John Culver of Brookings warns that PLA effectiveness could suffer, though Xi is prioritising loyalty over capability, especially in case of internal unrest similar to Tiananmen.

The purge has been sweeping. In June 2026, six deputies were removed from the National People’s Congress, including generals Xu Xueqiang and Li Fengbiao. Earlier, in February, three generals, two admirals, and several other senior officers were expelled.

High-profile arrests included CMC Vice-Chairman Zhang Youxia and Joint Staff chief Liu Zhenli, leaving only Zhang Shengmin alongside Xi in the CMC. This collapse of the top command is extraordinary, with discipline and personnel issues now overshadowing operational leadership.

Analysts such as Ying Yu Lin emphasise that Xi views internal management as the most urgent task. The PLA will continue exercises and missile tests, but its core focus is on morale, stability, and control. 

Taylor Fravel notes that rebuilding leadership will take years, as many theatre command and deputy positions have been gutted. This creates a shortage of experienced officers, complicating any large-scale operations such as a Taiwan blockade or amphibious assault.

Joel Wuthnow warns that while disruption might appear to weaken the PLA, it could embolden Xi. If he believes corruption has been eradicated and professional officers are in place, he may be more optimistic about military action. New generals may lack the authority to resist Xi’s ambitions, raising the risk of miscalculation similar to Putin’s wars in Georgia and Ukraine.

Xi’s purge is therefore a double-edged sword. It strengthens his grip and ensures loyalty, but it undermines operational capacity and creates instability.

The PLA is being reshaped into a force that is politically reliable but potentially less effective in combat. Whether this will deter Xi from external adventures or encourage him to gamble on Taiwan remains uncertain.

ANI


Pakistan Extends Naval Reach Into Bay of Bengal With Chinese-Built Submarine


Pakistan’s deployment of its new Hangor-class submarine into the Bay of Bengal signals a deliberate attempt to extend its maritime footprint eastward, leveraging Chinese-built technology and warming ties with Bangladesh, India Today reported.

This development introduces a new layer of complexity for India’s eastern seaboard, traditionally considered secure.

Pakistan’s naval reach has expanded with the commissioning of the Hangor-class submarine, built in China and equipped with Air-Independent Propulsion technology. This allows the vessel to remain submerged for weeks without surfacing, enhancing stealth and survivability.

The submarine was escorted via Colombo before arriving in Karachi, marking Pakistan’s first tangible step towards projecting power beyond the Arabian Sea.

The Bay of Bengal has emerged as a geostrategic hotspot. China has deepened defence cooperation with Bangladesh, supplying fighter jets, drones, and upgrading ports and airfields. Pakistan has also cultivated defence and intelligence links with Dhaka, capitalising on the political shift after Sheikh Hasina’s ouster in 2024.

Direct flights, cultural exchanges, and trade have flourished, while military cooperation has intensified. Pakistani warships made a historic port call to Chattogram in November 2025, the first since 1971, and discussions of a mutual defence pact have surfaced.

General Asim Munir’s statement in August 2025 that “We will start from the east” now resonates with Pakistan’s maritime manoeuvres. The symbolism of deploying PNS Hangor, named after the submarine that sank India’s INS Khukri in 1971, underscores Islamabad’s intent to reopen a dormant front. Commodore Omer Farooq described the submarine as a “game changer,” hinting at sustained operations in the Bay of Bengal.

Pakistan plans to induct eight Hangor-class submarines by 2028, four built in China and four in Karachi under technology transfer. This fleet expansion will significantly enhance its sea-denial capability. Combined with warming ties with Bangladesh, Islamabad could secure logistical support for periodic patrols or port visits in the eastern Indian Ocean, even if Dhaka has not formally agreed to host Pakistani assets.

For India, the implications are serious. The Bay of Bengal hosts its Eastern Naval Command at Visakhapatnam and is proximate to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, vital for monitoring Indo-Pacific trade and energy flows.

India has long dominated this theatre, but Pakistan’s presence, backed by Chinese technology and diplomatic cover from Bangladesh, complicates the strategic environment. India’s surveillance, submarine modernisation, and anti-submarine warfare capabilities will need reinforcement to counter this evolving challenge.

The Hangor-class program represents Pakistan’s largest naval upgrade in decades. Its ability to remain submerged for extended periods transforms Pakistan’s submarines from coastal assets into platforms capable of sustained deployment across the Indian Ocean. This shift, coupled with China’s defence proliferation and Pakistan’s outreach to Bangladesh, signals a recalibration of South Asian maritime dynamics.

Pakistan’s moves in the Bay of Bengal are not yet a full-scale deployment but a strategic signalling of intent. For India, they highlight the need for vigilance, accelerated modernisation, and deeper partnerships with regional allies to safeguard its eastern seaboard.

Agencies


US Pacific Fleet Commander Steve Koehler To Visit Bangladesh For Defence Cooperation


Admiral Stephen Koehler, Commander of the United States Pacific Fleet, is scheduled to arrive in Dhaka on Tuesday for a three-day official visit from 4 to 6 August. His trip is aimed at strengthening security cooperation and advancing strategic partnerships between the United States and Bangladesh.

The announcement was made by Mara Bird, Acting Spokesperson for the US Embassy in Dhaka, who emphasised that the visit will focus on bilateral defence ties. Admiral Koehler is expected to meet senior Bangladeshi officials to discuss the longstanding US-Bangladesh defence partnership and explore opportunities to expand cooperation in maritime security, humanitarian assistance, disaster response, and professional military education.

The key agenda of the visit includes enhancing regional surveillance and defence cooperation across vital sea lines of communication in the Indo-Pacific. Another priority is coordinating joint operational readiness for climate-induced emergencies and natural disasters. The visit will also highlight the expansion of institutional exchanges and training frameworks between the armed forces of both nations.

Admiral Koehler’s distinguished career reflects his deep operational and strategic expertise. Growing up in a Navy family, he graduated in 1986 from the University of Colorado at Boulder with a Bachelor of Science in Physics and was commissioned through the Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps.

He became a naval aviator in March 1989 and has accumulated over 3,900 flight hours in the F-14 Tomcat and F-18 Super Hornet, including 600 carrier landings. He also holds a master’s degree in National Security and Strategic Studies from the Naval War College and is a graduate of the Joint Staff College and the Navy Nuclear Power Program.

At sea, Koehler served with Fighter Squadron VF-211 and VF-41, was executive officer aboard USS Carl Vinson (CVN 70), and commanded Fighter Squadron VFA-143, USS Bataan (LHD 5), USS Dwight D. Eisenhower (CVN 69), and Carrier Strike Group Nine. His operational tours supported major missions including Operations Desert Storm, Southern Watch, Iraqi Freedom, Inherent Resolve, Freedom’s Sentinel, Deliberate Guard, and Unified Protector. He contributed to operations in the Middle East, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Libya, as well as humanitarian relief efforts in Haiti under Operation Unified Response. He also played a role in peer competition operations in the East and South China Seas.

Ashore, Koehler served as an instructor pilot with VF-101, placement officer at the Bureau of Naval Personnel, and chief of staff at Joint Task Force Horn of Africa in Djibouti. As a flag officer, he held positions as director of Fleet Training at US Fleet Forces Command, director for Operations (J3) at US Indo-Pacific Command, deputy commander of US Pacific Fleet, commander of US 3rd Fleet, and director for Strategy, Plans and Policy (J5) on the Joint Staff. He assumed command of the US Pacific Fleet on 4 April 2024.

His upcoming visit to Bangladesh underscores Washington’s intent to deepen defence cooperation with Dhaka, particularly in the context of evolving Indo-Pacific dynamics. The engagements are expected to reinforce Bangladesh’s growing role in regional maritime security and disaster preparedness while strengthening institutional military ties with the United States.

ANI


Vishwesh Negi Appointed As India’s Next Ambassador To Iran


Diplomat Vishwesh Negi has been appointed as India’s next ambassador to the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Ministry of External Affairs announced the decision on Monday, confirming that he will assume the assignment shortly.

Negi is an Indian Foreign Service officer from the 2002 batch. He is currently serving as a joint secretary in the ministry, a role that has given him extensive experience in handling complex diplomatic matters. His elevation to the ambassadorial post reflects New Delhi’s confidence in his ability to manage one of India’s most sensitive foreign policy assignments.

The appointment comes at a time when the West Asia region remains deeply volatile. Since 28 February, the US-Israeli combine has carried out military strikes on Iran, prompting Tehran to retaliate. The situation has heightened tensions across the region and drawn global attention to the fragile state of security in West Asia.

India has consistently emphasised that dialogue and diplomacy are the only viable paths to restoring peace in the region. The appointment of Negi is therefore seen as a strategic move, ensuring that India’s diplomatic presence in Tehran is led by an experienced officer capable of navigating the complexities of the current crisis.

His posting will also be significant in the context of India’s broader engagement with Iran, which spans energy cooperation, connectivity projects such as the Chabahar port, and regional security dialogues. With the ongoing conflict reshaping alliances and power balances, Negi’s role will be crucial in safeguarding India’s interests while contributing to efforts aimed at stabilising the region.

The Ministry of External Affairs has underlined that India remains committed to fostering peace and stability through constructive diplomacy. Negi’s appointment is expected to strengthen bilateral ties and reinforce India’s position as a responsible stakeholder in West Asia.

PTI


Envoy Kwatra Strengthens India-US Partnership Through Georgia Engagements On Trade, Investment And Education


India’s Ambassador to the United States, Vinay Mohan Kwatra, carried out a series of high-level engagements in Georgia, reflecting the deepening of India-US ties across trade, investment, logistics, innovation, and education.

His visit underscored the growing importance of regional partnerships in strengthening the broader strategic relationship between the two nations.

Kwatra met Georgia Governor Brian Kemp and congratulated him on his successful tenure. Their discussions centred on the expanding India-Georgia trade and investment partnership, with emphasis on greater connectivity and opportunities to deepen collaboration in business, innovation, and education. Kwatra expressed optimism about Georgia’s continued contribution to stronger India-US ties.

The envoy also held talks with Carol Tome, Chief Executive Officer of UPS. Their meeting focused on the growing India-US economic partnership, resilient supply chains, logistics connectivity, and UPS’s expanding investments and presence in India. Kwatra highlighted that the Indian economy offers exciting opportunities in innovation, manufacturing, and global business partnerships, making India a key partner for global logistics leaders.

As part of his engagements, Kwatra participated in the India-US Education Roundtable hosted by the Consulate General of India in Atlanta. He interacted with leaders from 20 universities across the southeastern United States.

Discussions revolved around strengthening research partnerships, academic exchanges, innovation, technology collaboration, and opportunities for opening satellite campuses in India. Kwatra emphasised that education remains one of the strongest pillars of the strategic partnership between India and the United States.

The envoy’s engagements in Georgia also reflected India’s broader diplomatic strategy of deepening ties with US states beyond Washington DC. By focusing on trade, logistics, and education, Kwatra’s meetings highlighted the multi-dimensional nature of the India-US partnership, which increasingly encompasses regional cooperation and sectoral innovation.

These discussions come at a time when India and the United States are investing heavily in future-oriented sectors such as advanced manufacturing, digital technologies, and resilient supply chains. Kwatra’s outreach in Georgia is part of a wider diplomatic effort to ensure that both nations continue to benefit from shared innovation, economic growth, and educational collaboration.

ANI


Indian Astronaut Ajit Krishnan Undergoes Year-Long US Strategic Leadership Program


Indian astronaut Group Captain Ajit Krishnan, call sign “Krish,” is currently undergoing a year-long strategic leadership program at the US Air War College in Alabama, strengthening his credentials as India prepares for its maiden human spaceflight under the Gaganyaan mission, India Today reported.

His training is expected to enhance India’s aerospace and defence leadership capabilities at a critical juncture.

Group Captain Ajit Krishnan, one of the four astronauts selected for India’s first human spaceflight mission, has been deputed to the United States for advanced leadership training.

The program at the US Air War College is widely regarded as one of the premier centres for strategic military education globally. It is designed to provide senior military leaders with a deeper understanding of global air power, defence policy, and emerging warfare technologies.

The course focuses on analysing contemporary strategic issues and defence policies while also evaluating future technologies that are expected to shape US and coalition military capabilities in the coming decades.

His participation comes as India continues preparations for the Gaganyaan mission and simultaneously expands its military and aerospace capabilities amid a rapidly evolving global security environment.

Born on 19 April 1982 in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Krishnan joined the Indian Air Force after graduating from the National Defence Academy. At the Air Force Academy, he distinguished himself by winning both the President’s Gold Medal and the Sword of Honour, reflecting his exceptional performance during training. He was commissioned into the fighter stream of the IAF on 21 June 2003.

Over his career, Krishnan has accumulated nearly 2,900 flying hours across a diverse fleet of aircraft. He has flown frontline fighters such as the Su-30MKI, MiG-21, MiG-29, and Jaguar, as well as transport aircraft including the Dornier and An-32.

His experience as a flying instructor and test pilot has further strengthened his operational expertise. He also attended the Defence Services Staff College in Wellington, Tamil Nadu, adding to his strategic and operational credentials.

Beyond his Air Force career, Krishnan pursued advanced academic work at the Indian Institute of Science, completing a Master of Technology by research. His thesis focused on manual override techniques for spacecraft de-orbiting manoeuvres, and he published research papers at international conferences, highlighting his technical depth in aerospace systems.

He also trained at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Russia and ISRO’s Astronaut Training Facility in Bengaluru, preparing him for the rigours of human spaceflight.

Krishnan is among the four Indian Air Force officers selected for Gaganyaan, India’s first human spaceflight mission to low-Earth orbit, scheduled for 2026–2027. The other astronauts are Shubhanshu Shukla, Prasanth Balakrishnan Nair, and Angad Pratap.

His current training in the United States is expected to further enhance his strategic leadership skills, ensuring that India’s human spaceflight program benefits from global perspectives on aerospace and defence.

This leadership program underscores India’s broader ambition to integrate human spaceflight with strategic military and aerospace development. By combining operational flying expertise, advanced academic research, and international leadership training, Krishnan exemplifies the multi-dimensional preparation required for India’s entry into human space exploration.

Agencies


Iran Is Facing Renewed Political Turbulence, Khamenei Issues Final Ultimatum To Pezeshkian, Backs IRGC Commander


Iran is facing renewed political turbulence as reports suggest Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei has issued what is being described as a “final ultimatum” to President Masoud Pezeshkian.

According to Israeli broadcaster Channel 14, Khamenei has aligned himself firmly with Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) Commander Ahmad Vahidi, effectively granting him decisive authority over negotiations and conflict-related policymaking.

The report claims that Khamenei has stripped Pezeshkian of his primary political leverage by refusing to discourage another resignation attempt. Pezeshkian had allegedly threatened resignation multiple times during disputes with Iran’s leadership and formally submitted his resignation in May, citing that his administration had been “entirely sidelined” from national security and foreign policy decisions.

Channel 14 stated that Khamenei’s latest stance signals full alignment with Iran’s military establishment, leaving the president with little influence over strategic policymaking. The IRGC commander’s approach is now said to represent the regime’s official policy, with differences between the political leadership and the military establishment largely diminished.

The broadcaster further reported that Vahidi has been granted the final say on major decisions concerning the United States. Tehran is believed to have adopted a harder line, calculating that US President Donald Trump is unlikely to make significant policy changes before the November mid-term elections. This has prompted Iran to maintain maximum pressure while attempting to maximise its strategic and economic leverage.

Communication between Tehran and Washington reportedly remains limited to indirect exchanges. Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi is said to be engaging with US special envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner, alongside mediation efforts involving Qatar and Pakistan. Despite these channels, no formal negotiations are currently underway.

The developments come as Trump warned Iran of a “last chance” to reach an agreement. He revealed that Washington had paused a planned military strike on Iran after requests from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Qatar to pursue diplomacy instead. Speaking from the Oval Office, Trump declared that the United States had been prepared to launch a major military operation before diplomatic outreach prompted a pause.

“This is a last chance. This is not something that if it doesn’t happen, this is a last chance for them to sign a good document,” Trump said, stressing that ongoing talks were happening at Iran’s request, backed by regional powers. He added that many countries had urged Washington to give diplomacy one final opportunity.

Trump also alleged that Iran had previously denied engaging in discussions despite holding extensive meetings with American officials. “It’s an amazing thing… we have many talks… they’ll sometimes deny it, even though they’ve spent hours and hours together talking. But the talks are going along,” he remarked.

He further claimed that the US had been ready to carry out a large-scale strike against Iran before diplomatic intervention from Gulf states led to a temporary pause. This underscores the fragile balance between military escalation and diplomatic manoeuvring in the region, with Iran’s internal political divisions now adding further complexity to the situation.

ANI


Air Marshal Tejpal Singh Assumes Charge As Deputy Chief of The Air Staff


Air Marshal Tejpal Singh has formally taken charge as the new Deputy Chief of the Air Staff in New Delhi. His appointment marks another significant leadership transition within the Indian Air Force at a time when the service is intensifying its focus on modernisation and joint operational readiness.

The air officer succeeds Air Marshal Awadhesh Kumar Bharti, who superannuated on Friday after 39 years of distinguished service to the nation. Bharti’s tenure was marked by contributions to operational preparedness and force development, leaving behind a strong legacy for his successor.

On Saturday, Air Marshal Singh laid a wreath at the National War Memorial, paying homage to the soldiers who sacrificed their lives in service of the nation. This gesture underscored his commitment to tradition and remembrance, a hallmark of senior appointments in the armed forces.

Commissioned on 16 June 1990 as a fighter pilot, Air Marshal Singh has accumulated more than 3,500 hours of flying experience. His extensive operational background spans multiple aircraft types, reflecting his versatility and depth of expertise in combat aviation.

He is a Category ‘A’ Qualified Flying Instructor and an Experimental Test Pilot. These qualifications highlight his technical proficiency and his role in evaluating and advancing aircraft capabilities, which are critical to the Air Force’s modernisation drive.

Over the course of his career, Air Marshal Singh has held key operational, command and staff appointments in the Indian Air Force. His leadership roles have included responsibilities in frontline squadrons, training establishments, and strategic staff positions, shaping both operational readiness and long-term planning.

His appointment as Deputy Chief of the Air Staff comes at a crucial juncture, as the Air Force continues to balance the induction of indigenous platforms with advanced imported systems. His background as a test pilot and instructor is expected to provide valuable guidance in steering the service’s future programs and capability development.

The transition also reflects the Air Force’s emphasis on continuity in leadership while introducing fresh impetus to its strategic priorities. Air Marshal Singh’s blend of operational experience, instructional expertise, and technical acumen positions him to play a pivotal role in shaping the service’s trajectory in the coming years.

PTI