India Set To Launch Its Extended Trajectory-Long Duration Hypersonic Cruise Missile

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India is poised to make a significant leap in military technology with the imminent launch of the Extended Trajectory-Long Duration Hypersonic Cruise Missile (ET-LDHCM), developed under the Defence Research and Development Organisation’s (DRDO) classified Project Vishnu. This missile is engineered to transform India’s strategic capabilities, particularly in the context of its security environment vis-à-vis China and Pakistan, by enabling rapid, precise, and deep strikes into adversary territory.

The ET-LDHCM is a product of advanced indigenous technology, featuring a scramjet engine that allows it to sustain hypersonic speeds of up to Mach 8 (approximately 11,000 km/h) for extended durations. This velocity, combined with its ability to fly at low altitudes and perform mid-flight manoeuvres, makes it nearly impossible for current radar and air defence systems to intercept. The missile boasts a range of 1,500 kilometres and can carry both conventional and nuclear warheads weighing between 1,000 and 2,000 kg, providing India with versatile options for strategic missions.

Operational flexibility is a key feature of the ET-LDHCM. It is designed for launch from land, air, or sea platforms, significantly expanding India’s tactical and strategic reach. Unlike traditional ballistic missiles, which follow predictable trajectories, the ET-LDHCM’s ability to hug terrain and alter its course mid-flight enhances its survivability and effectiveness against high-value targets such as enemy infrastructure, command centres, and naval assets.

The missile’s construction employs heat- and oxidation-resistant materials, enabling it to withstand extreme temperatures exceeding 2,000°C during hypersonic flight. This durability ensures reliable performance even in harsh operational environments, including exposure to seawater and intense sunlight.

Strategically, the induction of the ET-LDHCM will place India among an elite group of nations—namely the United States, China, and Russia—that possess operational hypersonic missile technology. This advancement is expected to shift the regional balance of power and bolster India’s deterrence posture, providing a credible counter to evolving threats in Asia.

Beyond its military applications, the development of hypersonic technology under Project Vishnu has broader implications. It is anticipated to drive innovation in aerospace, satellite launches, and disaster relief operations. The project has also catalysed participation from Indian micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), fostering domestic industry growth and generating employment opportunities.

The ET-LDHCM represents a transformative milestone for India’s defence sector, combining cutting-edge propulsion, materials science, and strategic versatility. Its successful deployment is expected to significantly enhance India’s military capabilities and influence the geopolitical landscape of the region.

Agencies

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Navy Boosts Firepower With Indigenous Anti-Aircraft Gun Barrels

For the first time, these barrels are being manufactured at the Field Gun Factory in Kanpur, replacing those previously imported and produced under license from Italian defence firm.

The Indian Navy has achieved a major milestone in its quest for self-reliance by inducting the first-ever indigenously manufactured anti-aircraft gun barrels for its frontline Super Rapid Gun Mount (SRGM) systems. These barrels, now produced at the Field Gun Factory in Kanpur, mark a significant departure from the earlier practice of importing them or manufacturing them under license from the Italian defence firm OTO Melara at BHEL Haridwar.

A team of 12 Indian engineers developed the new barrels over three years, resulting in a product that is expected to reduce costs and eliminate the Navy’s dependence on foreign suppliers. Two of these Kanpur-made barrels have already been delivered to the Navy, and all current and future warships are slated to be equipped with these indigenous versions. This development aligns with the government’s Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) initiative and comes in the wake of the Navy’s aggressive deployments, such as during Operation Sindoor, and its participation in major maritime drills with international partners.

The SRGM is a high-speed, medium-calibre naval gun system capable of firing 120 rounds per minute, with a barrel length of 4,588 mm and the ability to launch 76mm shells at targets up to 15 km away. Its rapid rate of fire and precision make it highly effective against fast-moving threats, including aircraft and missiles, as well as in multi-target scenarios typical of modern naval warfare.

The Ministry of Defence has further reinforced the Navy’s operational capabilities by signing a ₹2,956.89 crore contract with BHEL Haridwar for the supply of 16 upgraded SRGM systems and associated components. The indigenization of these critical components not only ensures a reliable supply chain and reduces maintenance costs but also strengthens India’s ability to sustain prolonged naval operations without reliance on imported parts.

The indigenous production of SRGM barrels represents a significant leap forward for India’s defence manufacturing sector, boosting both the Navy’s firepower and the nation’s strategic autonomy.

Based On IT Report

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India, China Agree To Rebuild Ties With Focus On People-Centric Engagements

Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri met Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Sun Weidong

India and China have taken significant steps toward rebuilding and stabilising their bilateral relationship, with a renewed focus on people-centric engagements. During Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Sun Weidong's two-day visit to New Delhi on June 12-13, 2025, he met with Indian Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri to review developments since their last meeting in Beijing earlier this year.

Both sides agreed to continue efforts aimed at stabilising ties, emphasising initiatives that directly benefit the people of both countries.

A key highlight of the discussions was India's appreciation of China's cooperation in resuming the Kailash Manasarovar Yatra, a pilgrimage of deep cultural and religious significance. Additionally, the two countries discussed the outcomes of the April 2025 Expert Level Mechanism meeting on transboundary rivers, with India expressing hope for progress on the resumption of hydrological data sharing and other cooperative measures.

The talks also addressed practical steps to enhance connectivity and exchanges. Both parties agreed to expedite the resumption of direct air services, with India expressing hope for an early conclusion of an updated Air Services Agreement. Visa facilitation, as well as increased exchanges between media and think tanks, were identified as priorities to foster greater people-to-people contact.

In celebration of the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations, India and China positively assessed planned commemorative activities and agreed to facilitate their implementation. This anniversary serves as a platform to further deepen mutual understanding and cooperation.

Amid these diplomatic efforts, India raised concerns regarding the predictability of rare earth metal supplies, which are crucial for industries such as the auto sector. The Chinese government's recent export controls on certain rare earth items have impacted Indian industries, prompting India to engage with China to ensure stable and predictable supply chains in line with international practices. The Ministry of External Affairs confirmed ongoing discussions with Chinese authorities in both Delhi and Beijing to address these concerns.

These developments occur against the backdrop of broader global interest in rare earth supplies, with the United States recently announcing a deal with China to secure rare earth materials following intense trade negotiations. This underscores the strategic importance of rare earths and the interconnectedness of global supply chains.

Overall, the recent India-China engagements reflect a pragmatic approach to rebuilding ties, prioritising people-to-people exchanges, connectivity, and economic cooperation, while also addressing critical supply chain issues vital to both countries' industries.

Based On ANI Report

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IAF Downed 7 Pakistani Fighter Jets In Operation Sindoor, India To Reveal Proof Soon: Sources

During Operation Sindoor, conducted between May 6–7, 2025, the Indian Air Force (IAF) reportedly inflicted significant losses on the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) in one of the most intense air engagements in recent years. According to top defense sources, the IAF shot down at least seven Pakistani fighter jets in a series of dogfights and precision strikes, and India is preparing to release concrete evidence—including satellite imagery, radar data, and social media visuals—to substantiate these claims.

The operation began with Indian Rafale and Sukhoi Su-30MKI jets launching targeted strikes on militant camps across the border. In response, Pakistan scrambled its JF-17s, J-10s, and Mirage aircraft to intercept the offensive. The resulting aerial engagements saw several Pakistani jets neutralized. The IAF also acknowledged suffering some losses, as confirmed by Chief of Defence Staff Gen. Anil Chauhan and Air Operations Director General A.K. Bharti, though Pakistan has yet to officially admit to its own aircraft losses.

Breakdown of Pakistani Losses

Sources indicate that Pakistan lost a minimum of seven aircraft during the twin phases of Operation Sindoor, including five fighter jets, one C-130 military transport aircraft, and one AWACS (airborne early warning and control) reconnaissance aircraft. Additionally, at least ten combat drones were destroyed.

The reported inventory of destroyed Pakistani aerial assets includes:

Two JF-17 Fighter Jets: One was lost in aerial combat, while another was destroyed during take-off preparations at Shahbaz Airbase in Jacobabad, resulting in the deaths of five Pakistani personnel, including Squadron Leader Usman Yusuf.

One Mirage Combat Aircraft: Downed during the engagement.

One Erieye AWACS: The loss of this airborne warning and control system has allegedly been acknowledged by a retired Pakistani Air Marshal.

One C-130 Transport Aircraft: Footage of its destruction has circulated on social platforms, reportedly resulting from a drone strike.

F-16 Jets: While these US-made jets were not deployed in combat due to US restrictions, some were damaged during IAF airstrikes on Pakistani airbases as they were parked at the time.

Combat Drones: More than ten unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs) were destroyed in both air-to-air engagements and strikes on drone hangars.

Impact On Pakistani Air Force Infrastructure

The Indian Ministry of Defence estimates that the aerial offensive led to the destruction of approximately 20 percent of the Pakistan Air Force’s infrastructure. Strikes targeted a total of 11 key installations, including major bases such as Noor Khan, Sargodha, and Rahim Yar Khan. Evidence, including images and videos from damaged Pakistani airbases, is being archived and compiled for public release as part of India’s forthcoming disclosure.

Methods And Evidence

The IAF’s success in Operation Sindoor was attributed to the use of advanced fighter jets (Rafale and Su-30MKI), air-launched cruise missiles, and sophisticated air defence systems like the S-400 and Akash SAMs. Notably, surface-to-surface BrahMos missiles were not used in the campaign. The Indian Air Force is preparing to release detailed accounts, including radar and visual proof, to counter anticipated denials from Pakistan, mirroring past disputes over aerial engagements.

Pakistani Response

Pakistan has officially denied suffering such losses, instead claiming to have shot down several Indian aircraft, including Rafales, a MiG-29, a Mirage-2000, and a Su-30MKI, according to its military’s account. However, independent verification and satellite imagery are awaited to confirm the extent of losses on both sides.

Conclusion

Operation Sindoor marks a significant escalation in India-Pakistan aerial engagements, with India claiming to have downed at least seven Pakistani jets and inflicted substantial damage on PAF infrastructure. The Indian government is expected to release verifiable proof soon, aiming to provide transparency and counter any official denials from Pakistan.

Based On ABP Report

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India's Urgent Quest For Fifth Generation Stealth Fighter Aircraft

India’s AMCA Stealth Fighter: A Strategic Leap Toward Fifth-Generation Air Power

India’s long-standing ambition to join the exclusive league of nations with indigenous fifth-generation stealth fighter aircraft has taken a decisive step forward with the Defence Ministry’s recent approval of the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) Program Execution Model. This move signals the transition from years of planning and feasibility studies to the active development phase, positioning India to bolster its air power and strategic autonomy in a rapidly evolving regional security environment.

India’s quest for a fifth-generation fighter began in the early 2000s, spurred by the induction of advanced stealth fighters like the US F-22 Raptor and the growing need to replace ageing MiG-21 and Mirage 2000 fleets. Initial efforts included a joint venture with Russia to develop the Sukhoi/HAL Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA) based on the Su-57. However, disagreements over technology transfer and escalating costs led India to withdraw from the partnership in 2018, redirecting focus toward a fully indigenous solution—the AMCA.

AMCA Program: Structure And Features

The AMCA is envisioned as a medium-weight, twin-engine, single-seat, multi-role stealth fighter, designed to deliver deep penetration, advanced stealth, and all-weather operational capability. Key features include:

Stealth And Survivability: Low radar cross-section, internal weapons bay, and diverterless supersonic intake for minimal detectability.

Performance: Supercruise capability (flying supersonic without afterburners), maximum take-off weight of 25 tons, and operational ceiling up to 55,000 feet.

Avionics And Systems: Advanced avionics, network-centric warfare systems, artificial intelligence-powered electronic pilot, integrated vehicle health management, and AESA radar for long-range engagement.

Armament: Internal carriage of 1,500 kg and external payload of 5,500 kg, supporting long-range air-to-air missiles and precision-guided munitions.

Development Phases: The AMCA will be developed in two variants—MK-1 powered by the General Electric F-414 engine and MK-2 with a more powerful indigenous or co-developed engine.

Execution Model And Industrial Strategy

The newly approved execution model mandates a public-private partnership, with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) leading production alongside private sector partners. The Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) will issue an Expression of Interest (EoI), inviting Indian companies to participate independently, as joint ventures, or consortia. This model aims to harness domestic expertise and accelerate the transition from prototype to production, fostering self-reliance (Atmanirbharta) in aerospace manufacturing.

Timeline And Milestones

2024: Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) approves full-scale engineering development of five AMCA prototypes at a cost exceeding ₹15,000 crore.

2025: Defence Minister Rajnath Singh greenlights the execution model; full-scale model unveiled at Aero India 2025.

2028-2029: Prototype rollout expected.

2032-2033: Manufacturing phase to commence.

2034-2035: Targeted induction into Indian Air Force service, with DRDO committed to delivery by 2035.

Strategic Imperative

India’s push for a fifth-generation stealth fighter is driven by an increasingly hostile neighbourhood, with China rapidly expanding its J-20 fleet and Pakistan seeking to acquire advanced jets like the J-35A. The Indian Air Force currently operates 31 squadrons, well below the sanctioned strength of 42, making the induction of AMCA critical to maintaining air superiority and deterrence.

Stealth fighters are essential for penetrating heavily defended adversary airspace, neutralising high-value targets, and ensuring survivability against sophisticated missile systems. The AMCA’s integration of advanced sensors, AI, and networked warfare capabilities is expected to provide a qualitative edge in future conflicts.

Conclusion

The AMCA program marks a watershed moment in India’s defence modernization, aiming to deliver a cutting-edge indigenous stealth fighter and reduce reliance on foreign technology. The competitive execution model and industry partnerships reflect a new approach to large-scale defence projects, promising to reshape India’s aerospace landscape and secure its strategic interests in an uncertain regional environment.

Agencies

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India's Strategic Counter-Surveillance Initiative: Satellites To Monitor Satellites

India's defence ministry is embarking on an unprecedented space surveillance initiative, establishing a sophisticated constellation of satellites specifically designed to monitor other satellites that may be conducting surveillance operations against Indian interests.

This groundbreaking project represents a significant evolution in India's space-based defence capabilities, moving beyond traditional earth observation to include active monitoring of space-based assets operated by other nations. The initiative, valued at ₹150 crore annually, will be implemented through a multi-year contract that leverages both government expertise and private sector innovation to create a comprehensive counter-surveillance network.

The project will be overseen by technical specialists likely sourced from private space start-ups specialising in satellite surveillance and space situational awareness technologies. This approach reflects India's broader strategy of integrating private sector capabilities into national defence infrastructure, particularly in the rapidly evolving domain of space technology. The timeline for deployment is ambitious yet achievable, with India's own network of spy satellites expected to be operational by the end of 2026.

Strategic Context And National Security Imperatives

India's decision to develop satellite-monitoring capabilities emerges from growing concerns about space-based surveillance activities directed toward Indian territory and assets. The initiative builds upon the existing ISRO Network for Object Tracking and Analysis (NETRA) program, which primarily focuses on monitoring space debris and satellite positions for mission planning purposes. However, this new project represents a significant expansion into active counter-surveillance operations, specifically targeting surveillance activities conducted by foreign satellites.

The strategic importance of this initiative cannot be overstated, particularly given India's complex security environment along its borders with Pakistan and China. Currently, India operates approximately 55 defence and surveillance satellites, but this number is insufficient to provide comprehensive coverage of the country's vast borders and 7,500-kilometre coastline. The need for enhanced space-based surveillance capabilities has been further emphasised by recent security challenges, including increased tensions along the Line of Actual Control with China and persistent threats along the Line of Control with Pakistan.

Technological Framework And Implementation Strategy

The satellite constellation will operate through an interconnected network where satellites communicate with each other to relay critical data to ground stations. This distributed architecture ensures redundancy and resilience, making the system less vulnerable to targeted attacks or technical failures. The satellites will be equipped with advanced artificial intelligence capabilities, enabling them to automatically detect, track, and analyse satellite movements and behaviours that may indicate surveillance activities.

The technical specifications of the system include the ability to monitor satellites across various orbital planes, from low Earth orbit (LEO) at altitudes of 400-600 kilometres to geostationary orbit (GEO) at approximately 36,000 kilometres altitude. This comprehensive coverage ensures that India can track potential surveillance satellites regardless of their operational altitude or orbital characteristics. The integration of AI-driven analytics will enable the system to distinguish between routine satellite operations and potentially threatening surveillance activities.

Integration With Existing Space Infrastructure

This counter-surveillance initiative complements India's broader Space-Based Surveillance Phase III (SBS-III) program, which involves the deployment of 52 surveillance satellites for comprehensive earth observation and border monitoring. The SBS-III program, approved by the Cabinet Committee on Security with a budget of ₹27,000 crore, represents India's largest space-based surveillance initiative to date. The integration of satellite-monitoring capabilities with this existing infrastructure creates a multi-layered defence system that addresses both terrestrial and space-based threats.

The Defence Space Agency (DSA), established in 2019, will play a crucial role in operationalising this new capability. The DSA's mandate includes developing counter-space capabilities and protecting India's space assets from adversarial actions, making it the natural organisational home for satellite-monitoring operations. The agency's collaboration with ISRO and private sector partners will ensure that the counter-surveillance system is fully integrated with India's existing space defence architecture.

Private Sector Involvement And Innovation

The decision to outsource technical expertise to private space start-ups reflects India's commitment to leveraging commercial innovation in defence applications. This approach aligns with the broader space sector reforms introduced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, which encourage private sector participation in satellite manufacturing and space technology development. The involvement of private companies will likely accelerate development timelines and bring cutting-edge technologies to the project that might not be available through traditional government channels.

Several Indian private space companies have already demonstrated relevant capabilities in satellite tracking and space situational awareness. For instance, Digantara Aerospace has developed the Space Camera for Object Tracking (SCOT), capable of tracking objects as small as 5 centimetres in Earth's orbit. Such existing capabilities provide a strong foundation for the more specialised requirements of satellite counter-surveillance operations.

International Context And Strategic Implications

India's satellite-monitoring initiative must be understood within the broader context of increasing space militarisation and the growing importance of space-based intelligence capabilities. Countries like China operate extensive networks of military satellites, with approximately 290 satellites dedicated to military applications. This asymmetry has created strategic vulnerabilities for India, making the development of counter-surveillance capabilities a national security imperative.

The United States, Russia, and Europe already possess sophisticated space situational awareness capabilities, making India's entry into this domain a significant step toward achieving strategic autonomy in space. The project will reduce India's dependence on foreign sources for information about potential space-based threats and provide independent assessment capabilities that are crucial for national security decision-making.

Timeline And Deployment Schedule

The accelerated timeline for this project reflects the urgency with which India views space-based threats to its national security. The decision to compress development schedules from the typical four-year timeline to 12-18 months demonstrates the high priority assigned to this capability. This acceleration has been driven partly by recent security incidents and the recognition that space-based surveillance capabilities are becoming increasingly important in modern conflicts.

The target deployment date of end-2026 for India's spy satellite network will coincide with the operationalisation of the counter-surveillance constellation. This synchronized deployment will create a comprehensive space-based intelligence and counter-intelligence capability that significantly enhances India's strategic position in space.

Operational Capabilities And Strategic Impact

Once operational, the satellite-monitoring constellation will provide India with unprecedented visibility into space-based surveillance activities directed toward its territory. The system will be capable of detecting when foreign satellites are conducting surveillance operations over Indian territory, analysing their operational patterns, and providing early warning of potential intelligence collection activities. This capability represents a fundamental shift from passive defence to active counter-intelligence operations in space.

The strategic impact of this capability extends beyond immediate security benefits to include diplomatic and deterrent effects. Knowledge that India possesses the ability to monitor and potentially disrupt space-based surveillance operations will likely influence the behaviour of potential adversaries and contribute to strategic stability in the region. The capability also provides India with valuable leverage in international negotiations regarding space governance and arms control.

Future Implications And Strategic Vision

India's satellite-monitoring initiative represents a crucial step toward achieving comprehensive space security and establishing the country as a major space power. The project aligns with India's broader vision of achieving strategic autonomy and reducing dependence on foreign nations for critical national security capabilities. As space becomes an increasingly contested domain, India's investment in counter-surveillance capabilities positions the country to protect its interests and maintain strategic flexibility.

The success of this initiative will likely influence future space security investments and could serve as a model for other nations seeking to develop similar capabilities. India's approach of combining government expertise with private sector innovation demonstrates a pragmatic path toward achieving advanced space capabilities while managing costs and development timelines. The project's completion will mark India's emergence as a significant player in the global space security landscape and contribute to the country's broader strategic objectives in an increasingly complex international environment.

IDN (With Agency Inputs)

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Reliance, Adani, Vedanta, Greenko Keen On NPCIL's Captive Small Nuclear Power Reactors

India’s plan to deploy small nuclear reactors—termed Bharat Small Reactors (BSRs)—for captive industrial use is gaining momentum, with major corporate players expressing strong interest in the initiative. Companies such as Reliance Industries, Adani Group, Indian Railways, Greenko, Vedanta, HPCL-Mittal Energy Ltd (HMEL), JSW Group, and Hindalco Industries have responded to a request for proposal (RFP) from the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd (NPCIL) to set up two units of 220-MWe Pressurised Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) BSRs.

These reactors are specifically designed for captive use, aiming to replace existing coal-fired thermal power plants in energy-intensive sectors like steel, aluminium, copper, and cement.

The BSR initiative is a key part of India’s broader strategy to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2070, supporting the country’s clean energy transition and industrial decarbonization goals. The government’s vision includes scaling up nuclear power capacity from the current 8.78 GW to 22.48 GW by 2030 and ultimately reaching 100 GW by 2047.

Small modular reactors (SMRs) like the BSRs are favoured for their compact design, flexibility in siting, reduced land requirements, and shorter construction timelines compared to traditional large nuclear plants.

The RFP stipulates that private companies will finance the construction and operation of these reactors, while NPCIL will provide the technology and receive a fee for operational management. This marks a significant step towards private sector participation in India’s nuclear sector, which has historically been the exclusive domain of public enterprises. The plan is to operationalise at least five indigenously developed SMRs by 2033, with the government actively fostering partnerships with private industry for research, development, and deployment of these advanced nuclear technologies.

Land inspections and preliminary site feasibility studies are currently underway, signalling that the project is moving into its implementation phase. The BSR program is expected not only to help industries reduce their carbon footprint and comply with global sustainability standards but also to enhance their competitiveness by lowering exposure to carbon emission-related taxes and regulations.

The enthusiastic response from India’s leading corporates to NPCIL’s BSR project underscores a pivotal shift in the nation’s energy landscape, positioning small modular nuclear reactors as a cornerstone of industrial decarbonization and the journey toward net-zero emissions.

Based On Mint Report

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Israel Backs India’s Right To Self-Defence Amid Operation Sindoor; Emphasises Deepening Strategic Ties

Israel’s Ambassador to India, Reuven Azar, has firmly expressed Israel’s support for India’s right to self-defence in the wake of Operation Sindoor, a military campaign launched by the Indian Armed Forces on May 7, 2025. The operation targeted terror infrastructure in Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Jammu and Kashmir (PoK) following the Pahalgam terrorist attack, which claimed 26 lives, mostly Indian tourists, on April 22. India attributed the attack to Pakistan-based groups, a claim Islamabad denies.

Ambassador Azar, in an exclusive interview, underscored the close relationship between Israel and India, stating, “We support the right of self-defence of each other, and we've been working together to deal with common threats when it comes to the building of capabilities.

So we consider ourselves close friends and allies, strategic partners, and we want to be in a situation where this cooperation continues. I'm sure it will continue because it benefits both countries. This is a relationship of trust, and this will only deepen because the challenges against us are only mounting.”

Israel’s stance was echoed in public statements and social media, where Azar declared, “Israel supports India’s right for self-defence. Terrorists should know there’s no place to hide from their heinous crimes against the innocent”. He characterised Operation Sindoor as a defining moment, emphasizing that terrorism cannot be contextualized, excused, or tolerated, and highlighting the shared commitment of both nations to protect their societies with “resolve, creativity, and moral clarity”.

Operation Sindoor was described by Indian officials as a focused, non-escalatory response, targeting nine terrorist camps linked to groups such as Jaish-e-Mohammed and Lashkar-e-Taiba, while deliberately avoiding Pakistani military or civilian targets. However, Pakistan claimed civilian casualties and retaliated with mortar shelling and drone strikes, leading to a brief but intense escalation before a ceasefire was brokered on May 10.

Ambassador Azar also addressed broader regional security issues, defending Israel’s actions against Iran and stressing the need for the international community to respond more effectively to rogue states. He noted that Israel and India face mounting common threats and are expanding cooperation not only in defence but also in innovation, agriculture, and cultural exchanges.

The ambassador’s remarks reflect a deepening strategic partnership between India and Israel, grounded in mutual support for the right to self-defence and a shared resolve to confront terrorism and regional instability.

Based On ANI Report

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NASA Indefinitely Delays Axiom Space Crew Launch, Citing Air Leak In Russian Module

NASA and Axiom Space have indefinitely postponed the launch of the Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4) private astronaut mission to the International Space Station (ISS) following the detection of a “new pressure signature” in the Russian Zvezda service module, an area already known for a persistent air leak since 2019.

This decision, announced on June 12, 2025, aims to provide NASA and Roscosmos—the Russian space agency—additional time to investigate the new development and assess whether further troubleshooting is required before proceeding with the mission.

The Zvezda module’s vestibule, known as PrK, has been a longstanding concern due to recurring air leaks, with differing assessments of severity between NASA and Roscosmos. The latest issue emerged after recent repair efforts, prompting cosmonauts aboard the ISS to inspect the module’s interior, seal additional potential leak sites, and measure the current leak rate. Following these actions, NASA reported that the segment is currently holding pressure, but emphasized the need for further evaluation to ensure the safety of future crewed missions.

The Ax-4 mission, which was to be commanded by former NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson and include ISRO astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla (India’s first Gaganyaatri to the ISS), as well as mission specialists from Poland and Hungary, was scheduled to launch aboard a SpaceX Dragon spacecraft from Kennedy Space Center. However, the mission had already faced multiple delays due to unrelated technical and weather issues, including a liquid oxygen leak detected in the Falcon 9 rocket during pre-launch checks.

NASA has not set a new launch date for Ax-4, stating that the postponement is necessary to allow for a thorough investigation and to address any remaining risks. The agency also noted that a significant delay could impact the timeline for subsequent missions, such as Crew-11, which is currently scheduled for no earlier than late July 2025. SpaceX, for its part, has indicated it will coordinate closely with NASA and Axiom Space to determine a new launch opportunity once the situation is resolved.

The ongoing investigation into the Zvezda module’s integrity highlights the complexities and challenges of maintaining the aging ISS infrastructure, particularly as commercial and international crewed missions become more frequent. NASA and its partners have reiterated their commitment to crew safety and mission assurance as the top priorities in determining the path forward for Ax-4 and future flights.

Agencies

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Israel Launches 'Operation Rising Lion': Netanyahu Declares 'Never Again Is Now' As Strikes Target Iran’s Nuclear and Missile Sites

In the early hours of June 13, 2025, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced the commencement of “Operation Rising Lion,” a large-scale military campaign targeting Iran’s nuclear and ballistic missile infrastructure.

Netanyahu described the operation as a decisive move to eliminate what he called an existential threat posed by Iran’s rapidly advancing nuclear weapons and missile programs. The strikes, which included attacks on Iran’s main uranium enrichment facility at Natanz and other key military sites, marked one of the most significant Israeli military actions against Iran in decades.

Netanyahu stated that Israel’s air force had struck multiple high-value targets, including nuclear scientists and senior Iranian military officials directly involved in weapons development. Among those reported killed were Hossein Salami, the chief of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards, and several prominent nuclear scientists. Eyewitnesses described explosions and black smoke rising from sites in Tehran and Natanz, while Iranian state media confirmed casualties and extensive damage.

The Israeli leader justified the operation by citing intelligence that Iran had amassed enough highly enriched uranium for up to nine nuclear bombs and had taken steps toward weaponization, potentially enabling it to build a nuclear weapon within months.

Netanyahu invoked the lessons of history, referencing the Holocaust and warning against repeating the mistakes of appeasement that preceded World War II. He declared, “Never again is now,” insisting that Israel would not allow a regime openly calling for its destruction to acquire nuclear arms.

Netanyahu emphasised that the Israeli campaign was not directed at the Iranian people but at the regime, which he accused of regional aggression and supporting proxy forces against Israel. He highlighted Iran’s missile development, warning that these weapons could soon be equipped with nuclear warheads, posing a threat not only to Israel but to Europe and the United States as well.

In response to the strikes, Iran closed its airspace and vowed “severe retaliation,” with the Revolutionary Guards promising to respond at a time and place of their choosing. Israel, anticipating missile and drone attacks, declared a nationwide state of emergency and heightened military readiness. The United States and other international actors distanced themselves from the operation, urging restraint and expressing concern over the risk of broader regional escalation.

Netanyahu concluded his address by thanking U.S. President Donald Trump for his past support in confronting Iran’s nuclear ambitions and called on the international community to recognise the gravity of the threat. He framed the operation as a pre-emptive act to secure Israel’s future and defend global civilization, asserting that history would judge this generation for its resolve in the face of danger.

Based On ANI Report

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Navy Chief Docks In Nagpur To Inspect Defence Manufacturing Units

Navy Chief Admiral Dinesh Kumar Tripathi conducted a significant two-day visit to Nagpur, focusing on detailed inspections of both government and private defence manufacturing units. This visit comes at a crucial time as the Indian armed forces are intensifying efforts to develop and produce advanced long-range missiles, drones, and counter-drone systems, with the backdrop of recent operational requirements such as Operation Sindoor.

Admiral Tripathi’s itinerary began with an inspection of the BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited (BAPL) facility, a key joint venture between India and Russia that plays a pivotal role in the production of BrahMos missiles. BAPL’s Nagpur unit is one of its primary manufacturing sites alongside Hyderabad.

Following this, he visited Solar Defence and Aerospace Limited (SDAL), a company specializing in ammunition and UAVs, and a supplier of propulsion systems for BrahMos missiles. SDAL is also engaged in manufacturing Pinaka rockets, Nagastra loitering munitions—which were notably used during Operation Sindoor—and various other types of ammunition.

The final stop was at JSR Dynamics, a newer entrant in the defence manufacturing sector, promoted by former IAF Vice-Chief Air Marshal (Retd) Shirish Deo. JSR Dynamics focuses on the development of air-launched glide weapons, miniature ground launch decoys, loitering munitions, long-range guided munitions, and diverse rocket launch systems.

The presence of such companies highlights Nagpur’s emergence as a major hub for ammunition and advanced weapon system manufacturing, with both legacy defence PSUs and private sector players expanding their capabilities and order books.

The significance of Admiral Tripathi’s visit is further underscored by the Indian Navy’s broader indigenisation drive under the “Make in India” initiative. Under his leadership, the Navy has formed task forces to collaborate with local industry, aiming to meet critical requirements for weapons and equipment, and to boost indigenous production for future naval platforms.

The Navy is preparing to place substantial orders, including ₹1.6 lakh crore worth of submarines, and is actively encouraging Indian vendors and shipyards to participate in large-scale defence projects.

Admiral Tripathi’s visit to Nagpur reflects a strategic push towards self-reliance in defence manufacturing, enhanced collaboration between the armed forces and domestic industry, and a focused effort to equip the Indian military with cutting-edge, indigenously developed weapon systems.

Based On TOI Report

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Made-In-India Systems Making India Strategically, Economically And Technically Strong: Rajnath Singh

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has underscored the transformative impact of the government’s “Make in India” initiative within the defence sector, asserting that indigenously developed systems are making India strategically, economically, and technically robust.

Speaking at a dialogue on ‘National Security & Terrorism’ in Dehradun, Singh highlighted that the Modi government’s persistent efforts over the past 11 years have fundamentally changed India’s security apparatus and its approach to national security issues, a shift vividly demonstrated during Operation Sindoor.

Singh pointed out that the defence sector has emerged as a cornerstone of the Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) vision. The government has increased the annual defence production from approximately ₹40,000 crore in 2014 to over ₹1.30 lakh crore in 2024-25, with defence exports surging from ₹686 crore to ₹23,622 crore in the same period. The targets set are ambitious: ₹1.75 lakh crore in defence production for the current year, aiming for ₹3 lakh crore by 2029, and export goals of ₹30,000 crore this year and ₹50,000 crore by 2029. Indian defence products are now exported to nearly 100 countries, reflecting the sector's growing international stature.

A key policy shift has been reserving 75% of the defence capital procurement budget for domestic companies, alongside the issuance of 10 Positive Indigenisation Lists covering over 5,500 items, further boosting indigenous manufacturing. Singh emphasised that today’s Indian armed forces are equipped with state-of-the-art, domestically manufactured weapons, missiles, tanks, and platforms, including indigenous missiles like Agni, Prithvi, and BrahMos, and the capability to build complex assets such as the aircraft carrier INS Vikrant.

Operation Sindoor, described by Singh as the largest anti-terror operation in Indian history, was executed entirely with made-in-India weapons and systems, demonstrating the operational readiness and effectiveness of indigenous defence technology. He noted that this operation, launched in response to a terror attack in Pahalgam, showcased India’s ability to dismantle terror infrastructure and sent a clear message about the country’s strategic resolve.

Singh also addressed the broader impact of these developments. He stated that India is not only safeguarding its borders but is also building a system that enhances its strategic, economic, and technical strength. The shift from dependence on foreign defence equipment to self-reliance has positioned India as a credible global defence player, with a robust domestic supply chain supported by over 16,000 MSMEs, generating employment and fostering innovation.

On the international front, Singh criticised Pakistan for its continued support of terrorism and called for global pressure to curb such activities, including stopping foreign funding to Pakistan, which he described as a “nursery of terrorism”. He also expressed concern over the United Nations Security Council’s decision to appoint Pakistan as Vice-Chair of its Counter-Terrorism Panel, questioning the international community’s commitment to fighting terrorism in light of Pakistan’s record.

Rajnath Singh’s remarks illustrate how the government’s focus on indigenous defence production has strengthened India’s strategic autonomy, economic growth, and technological advancement. The success of Operation Sindoor and the exponential rise in defence exports underscore the effectiveness of the Make in India initiative, marking a decisive shift in India’s defence posture and its emergence as a global defence manufacturing hub.

PIB

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Italy's Lower House Unanimously Backs Defence Pact With India

Prime Minister Modi with Italian PM Giorgia Meloni

Italy’s Chamber of Deputies has unanimously approved a landmark military cooperation pact with India, marking a significant step in deepening bilateral defence ties between the two nations. The agreement, signed in Rome on October 9, 2023, now awaits approval from the Italian Senate. It is anchored in the Joint Strategic Action Plan 2025–2029, which was formalized during the G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, and is designed to foster robust collaboration in training, technology, and the defence industry.

This pact is strategically significant, reinforcing the partnership between Rome and New Delhi within the Indo-Mediterranean context—a region that increasingly serves as a bridge between the Euro-Atlantic and Indo-Pacific theatres. The agreement aims not only to enhance bilateral military cooperation but also to contribute to multi-level security architectures, thereby strengthening the global positioning of Italy’s defence industry.

Key features of the agreement include:

Annual strategic meetings to set priorities, monitor progress, and adapt cooperation to evolving global scenarios.

motion of industrial cooperation between defence companies, with joint initiatives in production, research, and technological exchange.

Facilitation of dialogue between governments and industry stakeholders to create a business-friendly environment for bilateral defence trade.

A central component is the establishment of a joint working group, which will serve as the operational engine of the agreement. This group will identify priority areas such as cyber defence, space security, and naval technologies, paving the way for structured industrial partnerships with both commercial and geopolitical impact.

The agreement is supported by a technical memorandum of understanding signed in April 2025 during the 11th Italy–India Bilateral Committee meeting in Rome, attended by senior defence officials from both countries. Since the start of 2025, Italy and India have also organized two business forums focused on defence and aerospace cooperation, further underlining the momentum behind this partnership.

The broader context includes Italy’s and India’s shared interests in regional stability and security, particularly as they work together on projects like the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC). The pact aligns with India’s “Make in India” initiative and Italy’s ambitions in the Indo-Mediterranean, with both sides exploring joint development of advanced weapons systems and greater interoperability between their armed forces.

The defence pact between Italy and India represents a comprehensive, forward-looking framework that will drive strategic, industrial, and technological collaboration, reinforce regional security, and position both countries as key players in the evolving Indo-Mediterranean and global security landscape.

Agencies

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Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Presides Over Closing Ceremony of India-Mongolia Joint Military Exercise

Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh presided over the closing ceremony of the India-Mongolia joint military exercise, Nomadic Elephant, held in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, on June 13, 2025. The event was attended by several high-ranking officials, including Brigadier General Baatar Baljid, Deputy Chief of the General Staff of Mongolia; Atul M. Gotsurve, Ambassador of India to Mongolia; and Lieutenant General Puspendra Singh, Director General of Operational Logistics and Strategic Movement.

During the ceremony, Defence Secretary Singh commended the professionalism and dedication of both Indian and Mongolian troops, emphasising that the exercise stands as a symbol of the deepening defence cooperation between the two nations and their shared commitment to regional peace and stability.

Exercise Nomadic Elephant, now in its 17th edition, is an annual bilateral military exercise conducted alternately in India and Mongolia. This year’s exercise took place from May 31 to June 13 in Ulaanbaatar. The previous edition was held in Umroi, Meghalaya, India, in July 2024. The Indian Army contingent, primarily composed of 45 personnel from a battalion of the Arunachal Scouts, participated alongside a Mongolian contingent comprising 150 Special Forces personnel.

The main objective of the exercise was to enhance interoperability between the Indian and Mongolian armed forces, particularly in conducting joint task force operations in semi-conventional scenarios within semi-urban and mountainous terrain, under the framework of a United Nations mandate.

The exercise focused on platoon-level field training, with activities including endurance training, reflex shooting, room intervention, small team tactics, and rock craft training. Notably, this edition also incorporated elements of cyber warfare, reflecting the evolving nature of modern military operations.

Throughout the exercise, troops from both countries engaged in mutual learning, sharing operational experiences and best practices. This collaborative approach not only improved tactical skills but also fostered greater understanding and trust between the two militaries.

Exercise Nomadic Elephant underscores the enduring friendship and robust defence partnership between India and Mongolia. It serves as a cornerstone for regional cooperation, reinforcing the commitment of both nations to peace, security, and cultural understanding in the region. The successful completion of this exercise sets the stage for continued professional engagement and deeper defence collaboration in the years ahead.

Based On ANI Report

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Rudrastra Hybrid UAV Passes Key Army Trial At Pokhran With Precision Strike And 170-Km Range

The Indian Army has successfully conducted trials of the indigenous hybrid Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) named Rudrastra, developed by Solar Defence and Aerospace Limited (SDAL), at the Pokharan Firing Range on June 11, 2025.

This significant achievement comes in the context of recent military tensions with Pakistan, where drone warfare played a prominent role, prompting the Army to accelerate the induction of advanced UAVs to counter future threats.

Rudrastra, designed to emphasise India's drive for self-reliance in defence manufacturing under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative, demonstrated several advanced operational capabilities during the trials. The UAV showcased a mission radius exceeding 50 km while maintaining a stable real-time video link, and it successfully returned to its launch point, confirming its reliability and operational robustness. The overall range, including loitering time over the target area, surpassed 170 km, and the platform achieved an endurance of approximately 1.5 hours.

A standout feature of the trial was the deployment of a precision-guided anti-personnel warhead. Released from medium altitude, the warhead executed a low-height airburst, delivering a lethal area effect and meeting the Indian Army’s tactical effectiveness benchmarks.

This capability positions Rudrastra as a potent asset for surveillance, reconnaissance, and precision target engagement missions, particularly in challenging terrains where VTOL functionality offers significant operational flexibility.

The successful demonstration of Rudrastra’s advanced features—including VTOL capability, long endurance, precision targeting, and mission flexibility—marks a major milestone in India’s indigenous UAV development efforts. It also underscores the Army’s commitment to integrating cutting-edge technology for enhanced battlefield preparedness.

Following these successful trials, Rudrastra is poised for further induction and deployment as required by the Army, strengthening India’s ability to conduct non-contact military operations and respond effectively to emerging aerial threats.

Agencies

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