Showing posts with label Spain. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Spain. Show all posts

Sunday, October 25, 2026

Europe On Alert: Jihadists Urge Suicide Bombings, Vehicle Attacks On Police And Demonstrators


European security agencies have been placed on heightened alert following the discovery of jihadist messaging urging extremists to target police officers and demonstrators during large-scale economic protests taking place across several European countries.

Spanish authorities identified messages circulating on a platform allegedly linked to the self-proclaimed Islamic State, encouraging followers to exploit ongoing civil unrest in countries including Portugal, Spain, France and Italy. The material reportedly called for attacks against both law enforcement personnel and civilians attending demonstrations.

Portugal's Internal Security System (SSI) confirmed that it is closely monitoring the threat. In a statement, the agency said: "The Secretary General of the Internal Security System is closely monitoring the situation mentioned within the scope of her responsibilities and in constant coordination with the relevant authorities."

According to findings highlighted by Spanish security authorities, extremist propaganda has urged supporters to take advantage of crowded demonstrations and confrontations between protesters and police. The material reportedly framed the unrest as an opportunity to strike at both security forces and large public gatherings.

An internal assessment cited by Spanish officials suggested that the scale of recent demonstrations, particularly in France where participation exceeded 8,00,000 people last weekend, presents what extremists describe as "a rare opportunity to attack them" while making law enforcement "easy prey when there are skirmishes with protesters".

The propaganda is also reported to have promoted so-called "martyrdom" operations, including suicide bombings and vehicle-ramming attacks. Security agencies across Europe are consequently increasing vigilance amid concerns that extremist actors could seek to exploit volatile public gatherings.

The warnings come as protests continue to intensify across parts of Europe. In France, demonstrations that began in late September over deteriorating school conditions and teacher shortages have evolved into broader anti-government protests driven by rising living costs, elevated fuel prices and public sector spending cuts. Protesters have increasingly directed criticism towards President Emmanuel Macron's administration.

Violence linked to the unrest has escalated significantly. French authorities have reported serious incidents including firebomb attacks that heavily damaged Limoges City Hall and tourism offices in Lyon. Similar acts of violence and arson have also been recorded in Italy, particularly in Milan.

Meanwhile, Portugal and Spain have witnessed persistent demonstrations and protest encampments fuelled by public frustration over soaring living costs and severe housing shortages. Major urban centres including Lisbon, Porto and Madrid have experienced near-daily protest activity.

Amid the deteriorating security environment, India has advised its citizens in France, Italy and Belgium to remain vigilant and avoid areas affected by demonstrations. Indian diplomatic missions in the region continue to monitor developments and remain in contact with local Indian communities.

Ministry of External Affairs spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal emphasised the importance of following official guidance, stating: "Indian nationals in these countries where protests are happening are advised to remain vigilant and exercise due caution when they are moving out and also to avoid areas where protests are happening. They must also follow local advisories which are being issued by the government."

He further added: "Our Embassies in France and in Italy have also issued advisories for our nationals and they must follow those advisories. On our part, we remain committed to the welfare and safety of our nationals abroad."

Earlier this week, the Indian Embassy in France issued a separate travel and safety advisory, urging Indian nationals and prospective travellers to remain cautious following violent clashes linked to the cost-of-living protests and wider anti-government demonstrations that continue to affect parts of the country.

ANI


Friday, October 9, 2026

Navantia And L&T Join Forces For Indian Navy's Four Amphibious Ship Fleet Program


Navantia and India's Larsen & Toubro (L&T) have signed a strategic agreement to jointly support the Indian Navy's future Landing Platform Dock (LPD) program, which envisages the acquisition of four amphibious warships, Spain based web portal Democrata reported.

The partnership was formalised in Madrid through a memorandum of understanding (MoU), establishing a long-term framework for cooperation between the Spanish naval shipbuilder and the Indian engineering and shipbuilding group.

Under the arrangement, L&T's engineering and shipbuilding expertise will be combined with Navantia's experience in designing and constructing complex surface combatants and submarines. The collaboration is also intended to strengthen India's domestic capability to build large naval vessels.

The proposed solution will draw heavily on Navantia's proven Landing Helicopter Dock (LHD) designs, including Spain's Juan Carlos I and Australia's Canberra and Adelaide class ships.

These vessels are capable of supporting aviation operations while also deploying troops, vehicles and landing craft through a floodable internal dock, making them suitable models for India's amphibious warfare requirements.

The Indian Navy's planned LPD fleet is expected to support amphibious operations, humanitarian assistance, disaster-relief missions and a wide range of maritime tasks.

The cooperation also aligns with India's broader drive to expand indigenous naval construction capabilities and increase self-reliance in the development of complex military platforms.

Arun Ramchandani, Senior Vice President and Head of Precision Engineering & Systems at L&T, said the partnership combines the company's extensive shipbuilding strengths with Navantia's global experience to address the highly sophisticated requirements of the LPD program.

He added that the alliance would help strengthen India's maritime capabilities while advancing the country's capacity to independently build critical and technologically demanding naval platforms.

Navantia's Chief Operating Officer, Gonzalo Mateo-Guerrero, said the company was proud to deepen its relationship with L&T and highlighted the complementary strengths of both firms.

According to Navantia, its expertise in strategic naval platform design, coupled with L&T's engineering excellence and shipyard capabilities, will support the development of the most suitable technical solution for the Indian Navy.

The Spanish company also reaffirmed its commitment to providing long-term support to L&T, the Indian Navy and other stakeholders throughout the complete life cycle of the future LPD vessels.

The agreement builds on previous cooperation between Navantia and L&T and positions both companies to compete for one of the Indian Navy's most significant upcoming amphibious shipbuilding projects.

Agencies


Thursday, October 8, 2026

First Made-In-India C295 Transport Aircraft Delivery Slips As Final Testing Extends Induction Timeline


India’s first domestically manufactured Airbus C295 tactical transport aircraft has missed its September delivery target, with the Indian Air Force now expected to receive the aircraft after an additional delay of one to two months.

Outgoing Air Chief Marshal AP Singh said the aircraft is currently undergoing production testing and that a few minor issues identified during the process are being resolved before delivery can take place.

The aircraft carries significant importance for India’s military aviation sector. Although it is the 17th aircraft in the Indian Air Force’s order for 56 C295 transport aircraft, it is the first to be manufactured in India.

The Indian Air Force has already taken delivery of all 16 aircraft produced in Spain under the initial phase of the contract and was awaiting the induction of the first Indian-built example.

The aircraft is being assembled at the TATA Advanced Systems-Airbus final assembly line in Vadodara, Gujarat, a facility that represents the first private-sector military aircraft production line established in India.

Major structural sections for the aircraft are produced at Tata facilities in Hyderabad before being transported to Vadodara for final assembly, systems integration and flight testing.

According to the Air Chief, the aircraft is well advanced in the testing phase and is expected to be ready once the remaining technical observations have been addressed.

The C295 program stems from a ₹21,935 crore agreement signed between the Ministry of Defence and Airbus in September 2021.

Under the contract, 16 aircraft were delivered directly from Spain, while the remaining 40 are being manufactured in India as part of the country's drive to expand indigenous aerospace production capabilities.

The program is regarded as a major milestone for the 'Make In India' initiative because it has created a domestic military aircraft manufacturing ecosystem involving TATA Advanced Systems, Airbus and a broad network of Indian suppliers.

Once fully inducted, the C295 fleet will replace the Indian Air Force’s ageing Avro HS-748 transport aircraft, many of which have remained in service since the 1960s.

The twin-engine turboprop aircraft is designed for tactical airlift missions and can operate from short, semi-prepared and unprepared runways, making it particularly valuable for operations in remote and high-altitude regions.

The platform can transport troops, equipment and cargo, while its rear ramp allows the rapid deployment of personnel and supplies during military and humanitarian missions.

Beyond modernising the Indian Air Force’s transport fleet, the indigenous production line is expected to strengthen India's long-term aerospace manufacturing base, enhance technology absorption and support future military aircraft programs.

Agencies


Saturday, October 3, 2026

INS Trishul Reaches Spain Following Varuna Drills With French Navy During Extended Overseas Deployment


Indian Naval Ship (INS) Trishul, a frontline guided-missile stealth frigate of the Indian Navy, has arrived in Valencia, Spain, as part of its ongoing operational deployment across the Mediterranean, Atlantic and adjoining maritime regions.

The vessel reached Valencia on 30 September and is scheduled to participate in a series of professional interactions, cross-deck visits, sporting fixtures and cultural engagements with the Spanish Navy.

These activities are intended to promote the exchange of operational expertise, strengthen professional relationships and deepen mutual understanding between the two naval forces.

The port call forms part of the Indian Navy’s broader maritime outreach initiative with friendly nations and partner navies, reflecting India's continued commitment to enhancing naval cooperation and maintaining a rules-based maritime environment.

The visit follows INS Trishul’s participation in the 24th edition of Exercise Varuna, the flagship bilateral maritime exercise conducted annually by the Indian Navy and the French Navy at Toulon, France.

INS Trishul arrived in Toulon on 22 September for the exercise, with the harbour phase featuring professional exchanges alongside sporting and cultural interactions between personnel from both navies.

During the visit, the ship’s Commanding Officer met Rear Admiral Mackara Ouk, Deputy Commander-in-Chief for Operations (CECMED), and held discussions with senior French Navy leadership.

The Commanding Officer, officers and crew also paid tribute at the Mazargues War Memorial in Marseille, honouring 205 Indian soldiers who lost their lives during the World Wars.

Professional engagements included cross-deck visits and operational knowledge-sharing sessions. Indian Navy personnel toured the French naval platforms Charles de Gaulle, Forbin and La Fayette, gaining valuable insight into carrier operations, aviation facilities and shipboard procedures.

INS Trishul additionally hosted a cultural event onboard attended by Vice Admiral (Retd) Laurent Isnard, Deputy Mayor of Toulon, French Navy officers and civilian dignitaries.

A friendly volleyball match between sailors from the two navies further strengthened camaraderie and people-to-people ties.

During the sea phase of Exercise Varuna, INS Trishul operated alongside French Navy assets including FDA Forbin, FLF La Fayette and the nuclear-powered attack submarine Suffren. The exercise also involved NH90 helicopters and Atlantique-2 maritime patrol aircraft.

The operational drills encompassed anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare, live-firing activities and cross-deck helicopter landing operations designed to improve interoperability, coordination and tactical synergy between the two maritime forces.

India and France have steadily expanded naval cooperation through Exercise Varuna, which has evolved into one of the most significant bilateral naval engagements in the Indo-Pacific and European maritime theatres. The exercise enables both navies to refine joint operational procedures and strengthen readiness for a range of maritime security challenges.

The Indian Navy’s current deployment across the Mediterranean and Atlantic regions highlights its emphasis on operational preparedness, sustained overseas presence, maritime diplomacy and defence partnerships.

The ongoing deployment and the Valencia port call are expected to further reinforce India’s maritime engagement with partner navies while contributing to regional maritime security, stability and cooperative naval operations.

ANI


Wednesday, September 30, 2026

Global Submarine Giants Battle For ₹83,000 Crore Indian Navy Mega Deal


The competition for one of India’s largest-ever naval procurement contracts has intensified in New Delhi, with leading international submarine manufacturers vying for a project valued at more than ₹83,000 Crores.

The program centres on the Indian Navy’s long-delayed Project 75(I), which seeks the construction of six advanced conventional submarines equipped with Air Independent Propulsion technology, significantly enhancing underwater endurance and stealth.

The contest has effectively narrowed to industrial teams led by Germany’s ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems (TKMS) and Spain’s Navantia, both partnering with Indian shipbuilders under the strategic partnership model designed to strengthen domestic manufacturing capabilities.

TKMS has teamed up with Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited, while Navantia is working alongside Larsen & Toubro. The competing bids promise extensive technology transfer, local manufacturing and long-term support arrangements.

The project is regarded as a critical element of the Indian Navy’s modernisation plans as it seeks to address declining submarine numbers amid increasing maritime competition across the Indo-Pacific region.

Air Independent Propulsion technology remains one of the program’s most important requirements. The capability allows conventional submarines to remain submerged for far longer periods without surfacing or snorkelling, thereby improving survivability and operational effectiveness.

The procurement process has undergone numerous evaluations, technical assessments and commercial reviews over several years, making it one of the most closely scrutinised military acquisition projects undertaken by India.

The selected design is expected to deliver advanced sensors, modern combat management systems, heavyweight torpedoes, anti-ship missile capabilities and enhanced acoustic stealth features.

For India, the contract extends beyond acquiring submarines. The project is also intended to deepen indigenous industrial expertise, expand domestic shipbuilding capacity and support the broader objective of achieving greater self-reliance in defence manufacturing.

Industry observers view the competition as a major strategic opportunity for the winning foreign partner because the programme could pave the way for future naval cooperation, maintenance contracts, technology collaboration and potential export opportunities from India.

The Indian Navy considers additional submarine capacity essential as several older platforms approach retirement, while regional naval fleets continue to expand both in size and capability.

Once awarded, the contract is expected to generate substantial industrial activity across India’s maritime sector, with thousands of skilled jobs likely to be supported throughout the construction, integration and lifecycle support phases.

The outcome of the contest will therefore shape not only India’s undersea warfare capabilities for decades but also the future direction of the country’s naval industrial base and its partnerships with leading global submarine builders.

Strategically, the Project 75(I) competition extends well beyond submarine acquisition. The successful bidder will gain a long-term foothold in one of the world's fastest-growing naval markets while strengthening its country's broader strategic relationship with India.

The program is expected to influence future collaboration in undersea warfare technologies, advanced propulsion systems, naval weapons integration and maritime industrial cooperation.

At a time when the Indian Ocean is witnessing increased naval activity from China and other regional powers, the induction of six next-generation submarines would significantly enhance India's deterrence posture, sea-denial capabilities and ability to safeguard critical sea lines of communication across the wider Indo-Pacific region.

IDN (With Agency Inputs)


Saturday, August 22, 2026

Ex-Air Force Vice Chief Slams TEJAS MK-2, Calls For India To Join Sixth-Generation Fighter Programs


Air Marshal Nagesh Kapoor, who retired as Vice Chief of the Indian Air Force less than two months ago, has delivered some of the sharpest public criticism yet of the indigenous TEJAS fighter project, NDTV reported.

He stated that the TEJAS MK-2 may not be operationally relevant in a frontline role when it begins entering service in significant numbers in the mid-2030s. Asked whether it makes sense for India to induct a fourth-generation aircraft in 2035 when China is moving towards sixth-generation platforms and Pakistan is considering fifth-generation jets, he was categorical: “No, operationally, definitely No.”

Fifth-generation fighters such as the US F-22 and China’s J-20 combine stealth with sensor fusion and internal weapons carriage. Sixth-generation fighters like China’s J-36 and J-50 build upon this by adding AI-driven autonomy, drone wingmen, and a “System of Systems” approach where the jet functions as a networked node rather than a stand alone platform. India currently has neither fifth nor sixth-generation aircraft. Estimates suggest China could deploy 500 J-20 fighters by 2030.

Despite his criticism, the Air Marshal acknowledged that fourth-generation fighters like the TEJAS MK-2 could still play a role in non-cutting-edge missions. He explained that while fifth and sixth-generation fighters are essential, India’s vast geography means they cannot be deployed everywhere, and gaps will need to be filled by aircraft of the TEJAS MK-2 class.

He was particularly scathing about Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, which manufactures the TEJAS. Kapoor highlighted the lack of availability of the TEJAS MK-1A variant as a huge concern.

He questioned why a machine promised years ago with specific capabilities continues to be denied to the Air Force on one pretext or another. He asked why the service must be hamstrung because promises have not been kept.

While strongly supporting the need for indigenous fighters, Kapoor expressed frustration at the delays. He said, “Indigenous is the way to go without a doubt but how long do we keep waiting?” The TEJAS prototype first flew in 2001, and the Air Force ordered 40 MK-1 jets.

In 2021, it ordered 83 TEJAS MK-1A fighters in a ₹46,000-crore deal. Yet not a single TEJAS MK-1A has been delivered, with delays in engine deliveries of the US-built GE F404-IN20 and integration problems with radar, avionics, and weapons systems.

A secondary order for 97 more TEJAS MK-1A jets was announced in September 2025, worth ₹62,370 crore. HAL has also been developing the TEJAS MK-2, originally promising a prototype rollout in 2022.

That timeline has slipped repeatedly through 2023, 2024, 2025, and into 2026. At the Farnborough Air Show in July 2026, HAL stated the MK-2’s first flight is now expected between March and July 2027. Kapoor criticised HAL’s lack of urgency, saying it does not match the urgency of the Air Force.

The concerns extend beyond the TEJAS. India’s first home-grown stealth fighter, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft, could take a decade in development and trials, and may miss initial technology benchmarks in its early variants.

Kapoor suggested India should partner with European consortia working on sixth-generation platforms such as the Future Combat Air System and the Global Combat Air Program. He argued that joining such projects would be more logical than persisting with fourth-generation steps when the next best technology is already being developed.

FCAS is a joint project between France, Germany, and Spain to develop a next-generation fighter with supporting drones and a combat cloud network, targeted for around 2040.

GCAP is a joint effort between the United Kingdom, Italy, and Japan, aiming for a next-generation fighter around 2035. Kapoor said India should consider joining one of these programs, given their strong records of delivery and development.

HAL was excluded from India’s AMCA stealth program in February 2026 after failing to qualify in an Expression of Interest opened to private industry in mid-2025. HAL’s order backlog was nearly eight times its turnover, far exceeding the allowed limit.

Three private-led groups passed the screening and received formal Requests for Proposal: Tata Advanced Systems Limited, an L&T-BEL consortium, and a Bharat Forge-BEML consortium.

Agencies


Monday, July 13, 2026

Piyush Goyal’s Visit To Spain, Belgium And Finland To Strengthen India’s Trade And Investment Partnerships


Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal will undertake a five‑day visit to Spain, Belgium, and Finland to strengthen trade and investment ties between India and these European nations.

The official statement from the commerce ministry confirmed that the delegation includes leading Indian companies from advanced manufacturing, clean energy, digital technologies, gems and jewellery, food processing, healthcare, and design.

On 13 July in Spain, the minister will participate in a business roundtable that will bring together Spanish and Indian industry leaders. The discussions will cover opportunities in automotive, renewable energy, railways, artificial intelligence, semiconductors, food processing, and tourism.

Spanish companies such as Iberdrola, Acciona, CAF, Talgo, Gestamp, and Indra already have strong footprints in India, while Indian firms including TCS, Infosys, Wipro, Tech Mahindra, and L&T are expanding their operations in Spain. The roundtable is expected to highlight synergies in sectors where both countries have complementary strengths.

On 14–15 July in Belgium, Goyal will hold CEO‑level meetings with Alain Queverin of Thales Group and Jean‑Christophe Bogaert of Silox Group. Thales, a global leader in aerospace, defence, cybersecurity, and digital identity, has established partnerships in India, while Silox, a speciality chemicals and recycling group, has major operations in Gujarat and collaborations in battery recycling and sustainable manufacturing.

These meetings will focus on technology partnerships and sustainable manufacturing collaborations. The India‑EU Business Roundtable and the Trade and Technology Council plenary will further deliberate on foreign direct investment opportunities, trade facilitation, sustainable technologies, and resilient supply chains, reinforcing India’s role as a trusted partner in Europe’s industrial ecosystem.

On 16–17 July in Finland, the minister will participate in the India‑Finland Business Roundtable. He will engage with Finnish companies in digitalisation, clean energy, advanced manufacturing, and the circular economy.

Finland’s expertise in clean energy and digital technologies is expected to align with India’s ambitions in green transition and digital innovation. The discussions will also explore cooperation in advanced manufacturing and circular economy models, areas where Finland has developed significant capabilities.

This engagement builds on the growing India‑Finland partnership, which has recently expanded into critical technologies, artificial intelligence, semiconductors, and sustainable energy solutions.

The visit is designed to deepen India’s economic integration with Europe, strengthen industrial collaborations, and attract investments into key sectors. By engaging with major European companies and participating in high‑level business roundtables, Minister Goyal aims to position India as a global hub for innovation, manufacturing, and sustainable development.

The trip also underscores India’s commitment to building resilient supply chains and advancing partnerships in clean energy and digitalisation, which are critical for future growth.

ANI


Monday, July 6, 2026

Germany Out — India In: A New Shot At The Future Combat Air System Program


Germany’s withdrawal from the Future Combat Air System (FCAS) has created a rare opening for India to step into Europe’s flagship sixth‑generation fighter program, aligning perfectly with Prime Minister Modi’s recent push for innovation‑driven defence cooperation with France.

The timing coincides with India’s urgent need to secure next‑generation air combat capabilities amid regional threats and its ambition to transition from defence importer to co‑developer.

India must now seize the strategic opportunity created by Germany’s withdrawal from the Future Combat Air System by proactively initiating dialogue with France and Spain to secure a place in the program.

Remaining outside sixth‑generation fighter development risks consigning India to long‑term technological dependence, while joining FCAS would embed its aerospace industry into the heart of Europe’s most ambitious defence project.

By moving swiftly to open negotiations, New Delhi can ensure meaningful industrial participation across propulsion, avionics, artificial intelligence, and autonomous combat systems, transforming its role from defence importer to co‑developer.

This proactive engagement would not only strengthen India’s Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat initiatives but also reinforce its strategic partnership with France, positioning India as a decisive stakeholder in shaping the future of global air power.

Prime Minister Modi’s June 2026 visit to France signalled a decisive shift in bilateral ties. His discussions with President Macron under the Special Global Strategic Partnership went beyond traditional defence and diplomacy, focusing on innovation, advanced technology, and artificial intelligence.

The adoption of the Innovation Roadmap 2030 and the creation of a bilateral AI Working Group underscored this ambition. India’s Bharat Innovates showcase further highlighted its technological depth, presenting French stakeholders with the scale of India’s entrepreneurial and engineering capabilities. This visit effectively recast India‑France relations as a platform for co‑developing future technologies and industries.

Germany’s withdrawal from FCAS, driven by disputes over leadership and operational requirements, has left France and Spain at a crossroads. FCAS was conceived as a €100 billion sixth‑generation “system of systems” integrating stealth fighters, loyal wingman drones, combat cloud architecture, AI‑enabled battle management, and advanced sensors.

Germany’s prioritisation of NATO interoperability clashed with France’s need for nuclear delivery and carrier operability, leading to paralysis. This exit now risks Europe’s defence‑industrial edge, especially as the US advances with the Boeing F‑47 and China with the Chengdu J‑36 and Shenyang J‑50.

Despite the setback, FCAS retains technological relevance. Its emphasis on stealth, multi‑domain connectivity, AI‑assisted decision‑making, electronic warfare, and manned‑unmanned teaming remains strategically valuable. France and Spain must either abandon the project, restructure it, or seek new partners.

India emerges as a natural fit, offering advanced industrial facilities, engineering expertise, financial capacity, and strategic ambition. With India’s participation, FCAS could still rival the UK‑Japan‑Italy Global Combat Air Program (GCAP), the US, and China.

India’s defence trajectory strengthens this case. Once a major importer, India has developed indigenous platforms like the Tejas and the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA). However, the Standing Committee on Defence has already recommended acquiring sixth‑generation aircraft to enhance air domain capabilities.

India’s operational requirements—carrier aviation expansion and contested environment readiness—align closely with FCAS’s design philosophy. Moreover, participation would dovetail with Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat, ensuring industrial involvement in propulsion, avionics, AI, and autonomous systems. This would accelerate India’s transition from technology recipient to developer.

India’s aerospace ecosystem is already robust, with global firms relying on Indian engineers for design, simulation, avionics, and digital engineering. Joining FCAS would elevate India from licensed production to genuine co‑development.

While a 30–40 per cent stake in a €100 billion program appears daunting, the long‑term investment mirrors commitments made by other aerospace powers to secure sovereignty. India’s recent €30 billion Rafale deal demonstrates its willingness to invest heavily in air power modernisation.

France and Spain, constrained by limited capital and strained US ties amid the Russia‑Ukraine war, need new partners. India’s Indo‑Pacific role, its Horizon 2047 blueprint with France, and the India‑EU free trade deal signed in January 2026 all reinforce the strategic logic of collaboration.

PM Modi’s visit has built momentum for dialogue, and India’s post‑May 2025 conflict with Pakistan has underscored the urgency of preparing for a two‑front war. The real question for New Delhi is not whether it can afford to join FCAS, but whether it can afford to remain outside the next revolution in military aviation.

IDN (With Agency Inputs)


Thursday, June 11, 2026

Made-In-India Airbus C295 Completes Maiden Test Flight In Vadodara


India’s aerospace industry reached a significant milestone on Wednesday when the country’s first ‘Made-in-India’ Airbus C295 military transport aircraft successfully completed its maiden test flight from the Final Assembly Line in Vadodara, Gujarat.

This achievement marks the beginning of a new chapter in India’s defence manufacturing program and underscores the growing role of the private sector in producing advanced military platforms.

The aircraft is the first of forty C295 transport planes to be built in India under a partnership between Airbus and Tata Advanced Systems Limited for the Indian Air Force. This collaboration is part of a broader effort to strengthen India’s aerospace ecosystem and reduce reliance on imports.

The successful test flight is a crucial step in the post-production testing process and advances the program’s objective of delivering the first domestically manufactured C295 aircraft to the Air Force later this year.

Airbus Defence expressed gratitude to the Indian Air Force, Ministry of Defence, and Government of India for their trust, stating that the program represents the future of Indian aerospace.

The company highlighted that the C295 India program is the first instance of a military aircraft being manufactured in India by the private sector, making it a game-changer for the government’s ‘Make in India’ vision.

The project also reflects the combined efforts of Airbus, TATA Advanced Systems Limited, and numerous Indian MSMEs engaged in producing aircraft components across the country.

The C295 is expected to replace the ageing An-32 transport aircraft in service with the Indian Air Force. It is capable of carrying up to 9,000 kilograms of payload, accommodating twenty-four stretchers for medical evacuation, and transporting a number of paratroopers comparable to the An-32.

Its versatility makes it suitable for a wide range of missions, including troop transport, humanitarian assistance, and disaster relief operations. The aircraft’s ability to operate from short and unprepared airstrips further enhances its utility in India’s diverse operational environments.

Beyond its immediate role in replacing legacy aircraft, the C295 program is a landmark in India’s aerospace journey. It represents the first time a military aircraft has been produced in India by a private sector facility, signalling a shift away from the traditional dominance of state-owned enterprises.

The program is expected to generate thousands of skilled jobs, foster advanced manufacturing capabilities, and strengthen India’s position in global defence supply chains. It also provides India with critical know-how in aircraft assembly, systems integration, and quality assurance, which will be invaluable for future indigenous aerospace projects.

The maiden test flight of the C295 is therefore not just a technical achievement but a symbol of India’s growing self-reliance in defence manufacturing. It demonstrates the country’s ability to execute complex aerospace projects within tight timelines and lays the foundation for future advancements in military aviation.

The successful flight from Vadodara is a clear indication that India is steadily building the capacity to design, manufacture, and sustain advanced aircraft domestically, reinforcing its strategic autonomy and industrial strength.

Agencies


Monday, June 1, 2026

India Revives Midget Submarine Plan Amid Debate Over Indigenous Versus Foreign Designs


India has revived its long-dormant plan to acquire small submarines, with the Navy now actively weighing indigenous designs from Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) and Larsen & Toubro (L&T) against foreign offerings from Italian firms such as Fincantieri and Drass. reported The Print.

The decision will hinge on whether the government opts for a home-grown solution under the Buy India (IDDM) category or pursues a direct foreign purchase.

The Indian Navy is seeking at least two Special Operations Vessels (SOVs) along with Swimmer Delivery Vehicles (SDVs) to support covert missions by its elite Marine Commandos (MARCOS). 

These platforms, often referred to as midget submarines, are intended for clandestine littoral operations. Discussions are underway with MDL and L&T, both of which have developed concepts for such submarines, as well as with European manufacturers.

Unlike conventional submarine giants such as TKMS, Naval Group, Hanwha Ocean, or Navantia, these smaller submarines are not typically offered by large blue-water navies, but are used extensively by countries like Iran, North Korea, and Pakistan.

Italy’s Fincantieri and Drass are among the foreign firms approached. Drass has previously supplied midget submarines to Pakistan and West Asian navies, and earlier this year signed a framework agreement with Indonesia for its DGK class submarines and SDVs.

The DGK class is notable for its modular design and road transportability, though it remains untested in operational service. Fincantieri’s S800A is another option under consideration, but like Drass’ DGK, it exists only on paper at present.

India’s interest in small submarines dates back nearly two decades. The original project was launched in 2006, with a tender issued in 2009. L&T partnered with Russia’s Rubin Design Bureau, while MDL and Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL) tied up with Fincantieri.

Other shipyards, including ABG and Pipavav, submitted bids in collaboration with Italian and British firms. However, the programme was scrapped, and in 2016–17 HSL was nominated to lead the effort. 

HSL struggled to develop an indigenous design or secure a foreign partner, and South Korea’s Hyundai Heavy Industries’ all-electric proposal was deemed unsuitable. The project stalled once again.

In late 2022, the Navy issued a fresh Request for Information (RFI), receiving responses from MDL, L&T, and HSL. In May 2024, MDL unveiled a scaled model of its ‘Arowana’ midget submarine, which drew criticism for its appearance but remains under development.

The Navy is now seeking submarines of around 500 tonnes displacement, capable of carrying about 20 personnel. L&T, leveraging its experience from the Arihant-class nuclear submarine programme, has showcased its own mini-submarine design at defence expos.

The company claims its design has reached maturity and is pitching it as a fully indigenous solution under the Buy India (IDDM) category.

If the Navy opts for a foreign design, the acquisition will likely be a direct purchase with minimal localisation, as technology transfer is impractical for small-scale projects with limited budgets. 

Conversely, an indigenous solution would bolster India’s submarine-building ecosystem and align with the government’s push for self-reliance in defence manufacturing. The final decision will rest with the government, balancing operational urgency, cost, and strategic priorities.

This revival of the midget submarine programme comes amid India’s broader submarine modernisation drive, which includes Project 75(I) for six advanced conventional submarines with German collaboration, and Project 75(AS) as a stopgap measure to build additional Kalvari-class boats.

The push for SOVs reflects the Navy’s unique doctrinal requirement to operate effectively in both blue-water and littoral environments, ensuring MARCOS have the tools needed for covert missions in contested waters.

Agencies


Saturday, May 16, 2026

Made-In-India C295 Rolls Out Early, Breaking HAL Monopoly And Boosting IAF Capability


India’s first Made-in-India Airbus C295 has been rolled out from Tata’s Vadodara facility nearly four months ahead of schedule, marking a historic shift in India’s defence manufacturing by breaking HAL’s monopoly and empowering private-sector aerospace production.

The aircraft, part of a ₹21,935 crore program, will soon join the Indian Air Force fleet, enhancing tactical airlift capability in rugged terrains and signalling India’s rise as a sovereign aerospace power.

The rollout of the first India-made C295 from Tata Advanced Systems Limited’s Final Assembly Line in Vadodara represents a watershed moment in India’s defence industrial ecosystem.

For decades, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited dominated military aircraft production, but this milestone marks the first time a private Indian company has established and operationalised a full-scale military aircraft production line.

The program is part of India’s acquisition of 56 C295s, with 16 delivered from Spain in fly-away condition and the remaining 40 being manufactured domestically. Over 85% of structural work and final assembly is being performed in India, including the production of 13,000 detail parts and sub-assemblies.

The C295 is a modern twin-turboprop tactical transport aircraft that replaces the ageing Avro-748 fleet. It is optimised for operations in high-altitude and rugged environments such as Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh, and the Northeast. Unlike the Avro, which has only side doors, the C295 features a rear ramp that facilitates paratrooper jumps and enables rapid loading and unloading of artillery pieces and light vehicles.

It can carry up to 9.5 tonnes of cargo, 70 troops, or 48 paratroopers, and supports reconnaissance, para-drops, medical evacuation with 24 stretchers, and humanitarian relief missions.

Its short take-off and landing capability allows operations from strips as short as 320–670 metres, making it ideal for Himalayan Advanced Landing Grounds such as Daulat Beg Oldi, Nyoma, Fukche, and Chushul.

Operationally, the C295 offers a cruise speed of around 260 knots, a range of 5,000 km, and endurance of up to 11 hours, enhancing rapid deployment and logistics sustainment. It complements heavy lifters like the Boeing C-17 Globemaster-III, which has a payload capacity of 77.5 tonnes compared to the C295’s 9.25 tonnes. While the Globemaster is suited for strategic heavy-lift missions, the C295 fills the critical medium tactical niche, excelling in austere environments where larger aircraft cannot operate.

Globally, the C295 has proven itself as a reliable workhorse, with more than 300 aircraft contracted and over 610,000 fleet flight hours accumulated.

Operated by over 36 nations, including Spain, Egypt, Poland, and Brazil, it has demonstrated versatility in extreme conditions ranging from deserts to high-altitude bases. Notably, the US Air Force deployed the C295 in combat search-and-rescue missions to extract pilots from Iran, underscoring its operational credibility.

The Vadodara facility, inaugurated in October 2024 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez, is India’s first private-sector military aircraft manufacturing line. It integrates structural assembly, systems integration, avionics installation, testing, and certification support.

The program involves 37 Indian suppliers and 21 certified specialised manufacturing processes, generating thousands of skilled jobs, including up to 3,000 direct positions at the facility. TATA Advanced Systems handles manufacturing, assembly, testing, and long-term maintenance, giving India sovereign capacity to eventually export aircraft and participate more deeply in the global aerospace supply chain.

This achievement validates India’s “Aatmanirbhar Bharat” push in defence manufacturing, demonstrating that private industry can deliver complex aerospace projects ahead of schedule.

It signals India’s transition from licensed assembly to high-value aerospace production, strengthening resilience, reducing dependence on imports, and positioning the country as a serious contender in global aviation manufacturing.

Agencies


Wednesday, May 13, 2026

Domestically Assembled C-295 Marks A Watershed Moment For India’s Aerospace Industry


The domestically assembled Airbus C-295 military transport aircraft represents a watershed moment for India’s aerospace industry, signalling a decisive shift towards self-reliance and private-sector participation in defence manufacturing.

Emerging visuals from the TATA Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) facility in Vadodara, Gujarat, show the aircraft in the final stages of production, with rollout also reported IDN.

While official confirmation is awaited from the government, Airbus, TASL, or the Indian Air Force, the development is already being hailed as a breakthrough in India’s aerospace journey.

If formally unveiled, this aircraft will be the first military aircraft manufactured in India by a private-sector company, breaking the long-standing dominance of state-owned firms in defence production.

The project is being celebrated as a flagship success for the Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat initiatives, which aim to reduce reliance on imported defence equipment and strengthen indigenous capability.

External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar had earlier stated that the first Made-in-India C-295 would roll out before September 2026, aligning with the government’s timeline. The Vadodara facility itself was inaugurated in 2024 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez, highlighting the growing defence partnership between India and Spain.

The Airbus C-295 is a medium tactical transport aircraft designed for troop movement, cargo transport, medical evacuation, and special operations. With short take-off and landing capability, it can operate from rugged, semi-prepared, and short airstrips, making it ideal for India’s operational requirements in mountainous regions and remote forward bases.

The aircraft can carry more than 9,000 kilograms of payload and transport up to 71 troops, offering a significant upgrade over the ageing Avro fleet it is set to replace. In the longer term, it may also support phased replacement of sections of the An-32 transport fleet, thereby modernising India’s tactical airlift capability.

India signed a landmark deal with Airbus in 2021 for 56 C-295 aircraft. Under this agreement, the first 16 aircraft were delivered directly from Spain, while the remaining 40 are being manufactured and assembled in India through the Airbus-TATA partnership.

This arrangement has catalysed a major boost to India’s domestic aerospace ecosystem. More than 13,000 aircraft parts and over 4,000 sub-assemblies are now being produced within India, engaging numerous Indian companies and MSMEs. Indigenous content is expected to rise to nearly 75 per cent in future production batches, reflecting a significant leap in local capability and industrial depth.

The program’s impact extends beyond the Air Force. The Indian Navy and Coast Guard have placed additional orders for maritime surveillance variants of the aircraft, broadening its role across services. 

Defence experts view the C-295 program as a turning point in India’s long-term military aviation ambitions, not only modernising transport fleets but also embedding advanced manufacturing practices within the private sector. The involvement of Tata Advanced Systems has demonstrated the ability of Indian industry to absorb complex aerospace technologies, paving the way for future collaborations and indigenous projects.

The advantages of this development for India’s aerospace sector are profound. It establishes a precedent for private-sector participation in military aircraft manufacturing, diversifying the industrial base beyond traditional state-owned firms. It strengthens supply chains by involving thousands of domestic suppliers, thereby reducing vulnerability to global disruptions.

The rising indigenous content ensures that India retains greater control over critical technologies, enhancing strategic autonomy. The program also builds a foundation for future aerospace projects, including indigenous transport and combat aircraft, by nurturing skills, infrastructure, and technological expertise within the country.

Furthermore, the C-295’s adaptability for humanitarian missions, disaster relief, and surveillance enhances its utility, ensuring that India’s aerospace industry develops platforms with dual-use potential.

This milestone reflects India’s determination to transform its defence manufacturing ecosystem into one that is globally competitive, resilient, and self-reliant.

The C-295 rollout will not only modernise India’s tactical airlift capability but also symbolise the country’s emergence as a credible aerospace manufacturing hub, capable of meeting both domestic and international demands.

It is a development that strengthens India’s industrial base, enhances strategic autonomy, and positions the nation at the forefront of aerospace innovation.

IDN (With Agency Inputs)


Tuesday, May 12, 2026

TATA Advanced Systems Rolls Out First Made-In-India C-295 Aircraft From Vadodara Facility


TATA Advanced Systems Limited has successfully rolled out the first Airbus C-295 military transport aircraft from its Final Assembly Line in Vadodara, Gujarat, marking a historic milestone in India’s aerospace manufacturing journey under the Make in India initiative.

This achievement comes ahead of schedule and represents the first time a private sector facility has produced a military aircraft in India.

The rollout of the first C-295 aircraft from the Vadodara plant is part of a ₹21,935 crore agreement signed in 2021 between India and Airbus Defence and Space of Spain. Under this contract, 56 aircraft are to be delivered to the Indian Air Force, with 16 supplied in fly-away condition from Seville, Spain, and the remaining 40 manufactured and assembled in India by TATA Advanced Systems Limited.

This programme is intended to replace the ageing Avro fleet of the IAF and significantly enhance India’s tactical airlift capability.

The Vadodara facility, inaugurated in October 2024 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez, is the first private sector Final Assembly Line for military aircraft in India.

It represents a major boost to the Aatmanirbhar Bharat vision, with approximately 70% of the aircraft components sourced locally. The engines, supplied by Pratt & Whitney, and certain avionics systems continue to be imported, but the majority of structural assemblies, fuselage sections, and other critical components are being produced within India, including at TATA’s Hyderabad facility.

The C-295 is a versatile twin-turboprop tactical transport aircraft capable of carrying up to 9 tonnes of payload or 71 personnel. It is designed to operate from short and unprepared airstrips, making it ideal for India’s diverse operational environments.

The aircraft can also be configured for medical evacuation, maritime patrol, surveillance, and electronic warfare roles. Its adaptability ensures that it will serve not only the Air Force but also the Indian Navy and Coast Guard, which have placed additional orders for 15 aircraft.

A dedicated Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) centre is also being established in Gujarat to support long-term sustainment.

The rollout is being seen as a transformative step for India’s aerospace ecosystem. It is expected to generate thousands of skilled jobs, foster advanced manufacturing capabilities, and strengthen India’s position as a trusted partner in global defence supply chains.

The facility integrates advanced tooling, jigs, testers, and sub-assembly lines, ensuring that India develops expertise in end-to-end aircraft production. This milestone also demonstrates India’s ability to execute complex defence projects within tight timelines, with the first aircraft rolled out months ahead of the planned September 2026 schedule.

The C-295 program is not only about replacing legacy aircraft but also about building a foundation for future indigenous aerospace projects.

By involving TATA Advanced Systems and Airbus in a joint venture, India is acquiring critical know-how in aircraft assembly, systems integration, and quality assurance.

This knowledge will be invaluable for upcoming indigenous transport and combat aircraft programmes. The rollout also symbolises a new era of private sector participation in defence manufacturing, breaking away from the traditional dominance of state-owned enterprises.

The aircraft rolled out in Vadodara will undergo extensive ground and flight testing before induction into the Indian Air Force.

Once operational, it will enhance India’s ability to rapidly deploy troops and equipment to forward areas, conduct humanitarian missions, and support disaster relief operations. The C-295’s proven track record in over 35 countries adds to its credibility as a reliable workhorse for India’s armed forces.

Agencies


Friday, April 24, 2026

INS Sudarshini Charts New Waters With Historic Visit To Las Palmas, Spain


The Indian Navy’s Sail Training Ship INS Sudarshini has achieved a historic milestone by arriving at Las Palmas in Spain’s Canary Islands on 23 April 2026. This marks the maiden visit of an Indian naval ship to the archipelago, underscoring the expanding reach of India’s maritime diplomacy.

The port call forms part of the ship’s ongoing transoceanic deployment under Lokayan 26 and serves as a strategic pause before embarking on her ambitious trans-Atlantic passage.

During the visit, the Commanding Officer of INS Sudarshini is scheduled to engage in professional interactions with Spanish Naval authorities. These exchanges are expected to strengthen operational understanding and lay the groundwork for deeper maritime cooperation.

In addition, the ship will be open to visitors, offering the local Spanish community and the Indian diaspora an opportunity to connect with the crew and experience India’s naval traditions first hand. This outreach highlights the Navy’s emphasis on fostering people-to-people ties alongside professional engagements.

The arrival of INS Sudarshini at Las Palmas reflects the growing maritime cooperation between the Indian Navy and the Spanish Navy. It also signals India’s intent to broaden its naval footprint across diverse geographies, reinforcing its role as a partner in global maritime security.

The deployment has already seen the ship sail from Kochi in January 2026 and undertake port calls in Oman, Egypt, Malta, France, and Morocco. At each stop, the ship has carried forward the message of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam—the ancient Indian ethos of “the world is one family.”

Looking ahead, INS Sudarshini will undertake a long trans-Atlantic passage, with planned participation in Sail 250 commemorative events across various ports in the United States.

These events form part of the United States’ 250th Independence Day celebrations and will provide India with a platform to showcase its maritime heritage on a global stage.

The voyage thus represents not only a demonstration of seamanship and endurance but also a symbolic contribution to international goodwill and shared celebration.

PIB


Wednesday, March 25, 2026

Europe's Fighter Schism: Rafale And Typhoon's Divergent Paths From A Fractured Dream


European air forces are modernising rapidly, spurred by the war in Ukraine, escalating tensions with Russia, and growing unease over reliance on American platforms like the F-35. This rearmament has laid bare a longstanding divide among European nations over combat aircraft development and procurement.

At the forefront stand two advanced fighters: Dassault's Rafale and the Eurofighter Typhoon. Both are 4.5-generation aircraft, boasting sophisticated avionics and weaponry, yet lacking the full stealth of fifth-generation jets such as Lockheed Martin's F-35.

On paper, they share similarities—twin engines, exceptional manoeuvrability, and versatility for air-to-air combat and ground attack. Yet their origins reveal fundamental differences in mission design and strategic vision.

These jets trace their roots to a single ambitious program in the late 1970s and early 1980s: the European Fighter Aircraft (EFA). Initially, it united the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Spain, and France to replace ageing Cold War-era planes.

Tensions arose quickly. France pulled out in 1985, dissatisfied with design compromises and demanding greater industrial control. Paris prioritised a lighter, carrier-capable multi-role aircraft for its naval needs.

The remaining partners pressed ahead with a larger, high-altitude interceptor tailored for air superiority against Soviet threats. Thus, the EFA fractured: France pursued the Rafale via Dassault Aviation, while the others formed the Eurofighter consortium for the Typhoon.

This split yielded stark contrasts in sovereignty and governance. The Rafale remains a fully French asset, with Paris dictating upgrades, production, and exports unencumbered.

The Typhoon, however, demands consensus among its four partners for every major decision—from funding enhancements to approving sales. This multinational structure has both streamlined collaboration and introduced bureaucratic hurdles.

Design philosophies diverged sharply from the outset. Rafale embodies an "omnirole" ethos, engineered for seamless transitions between air-to-air combat, precision strikes, reconnaissance, and even nuclear deterrence missions—all in a single sortie.

Carrier compatibility shaped its form, with reinforced structures and specialised landing gear for French Navy vessels like the Charles de Gaulle. This versatility came at the cost of some raw performance metrics.

Typhoon prioritised air dominance. Optimised for speed, climb rate, and agility, it excelled at intercepting intruders at high altitudes and speeds, a legacy of Cold War scenarios envisioning massed Warsaw Pact incursions over Europe.

Ground-attack capabilities were retrofitted later via upgrades like the Tranche 2 and 3 standards, incorporating precision munitions such as the Storm Shadow cruise missile. Yet this multi-role evolution feels like an afterthought compared to Rafale's integrated approach.

Real-world operations underscore these distinctions. Rafale has logged extensive combat hours, from Afghanistan and Libya to Iraq and Syria, seamlessly switching roles mid-mission and proving its flexibility.

France's exports reflect this prowess: India selected 36 Rafales in 2016, followed by Egypt, Qatar, the UAE, Greece, and Indonesia. Buyers value its "one-plane fleet" potential, reducing logistical burdens.

Typhoon entered combat more selectively, debuting over Libya in 2011 with RAF focus on air patrols before strikes. It shines in NATO's Quick Reaction Alert missions, routinely scrambling to shadow Russian aircraft near alliance borders.

Exports have been patchier—Saudi Arabia and Oman lead, with Kuwait and Qatar adding smaller fleets. Recent bids, like Germany's offer to Saudi Arabia, highlight ongoing efforts, but Rafale edges ahead in diversity.

In a major boost for Rafale, India has approved its largest-ever defence acquisition: the procurement of 114 Rafale fighter jets under the Multi-Role Fighter Aircraft (MRFA) program, valued at around ₹3.6 lakh crore (US$39 billion).

Sustained relevance demands upgrades. Rafale's F4 standard integrates AI-driven systems and enhanced sensors, while the proposed F5 variant eyes directed-energy weapons. Typhoon's Super Typhoon or Long-Term Evolution Program promises similar leaps towards 5th-generation bridging.

Yet shadows loom. The F-35's stealth and NATO interoperability lure European buyers: the UK, Italy, Netherlands, and others integrate it alongside legacy fleets, raising questions of platform fragmentation.

Future sixth-generation efforts mirror past divisions. France, Germany, and Spain advance the Future Combat Air System (FCAS), a networked "system of systems" to succeed Rafale and select Typhoons by 2040.

Meanwhile, the UK, Italy, and Japan pursue the Global Combat Air Program (GCAP, aka Tempest), blending stealth, AI, and drone swarms as Typhoon's heir. Italy's dual involvement strains alliances.

These programs echo the EFA split: industrial rivalries, national priorities, and export ambitions clash. France guards Dassault's autonomy; the consortium navigates shared IP.

For India, watching closely amid MRFA tender pursuits, the lesson is clear: Europe's twins offer proven potency, but choosing one means navigating a continent still wrestling with unity.

Both jets will soldier on into the 2040s, bolstered by mid-life updates. Yet as Russia rebuilds its air power and China eyes the Indo-Pacific, Europe's divided house risks ceding strategic edge to unified rivals.

Agencies


Monday, March 23, 2026

India Eyes European Sixth-Gen Fighters, Sealing Sukhoi Su-57's Fate In IAF's Modernisation Drive


India's enduring partnership with Russia in the realm of defence remains a cornerstone of its strategic posture, even as New Delhi navigates complex choices in modernising its air force.

Recent speculation about abandoning the Su-57 fighter jet underscores not a rift, but rather India's pragmatic diversification strategy, bolstered by decades of reliable collaboration with Moscow.

India's potential decision to abandon Russia's Su-57 fighter jet program marks a pivotal shift in its defence procurement strategy. Reports from Defence Express on 22 March 2026 indicate that New Delhi is evaluating participation in one of two European sixth-generation fighter initiatives, effectively dashing Moscow's export aspirations for its advanced stealth aircraft.

The options under consideration include the British-Italian-Japanese Tempest program and the Franco-German-Spanish Future Combat Air System (FCAS).

India's 2018 withdrawal from the FGFA program with Russia was a measured decision based on technical assessments at the time. Moscow responded constructively, offering upgraded AL-51F1 engines and enhanced avionics for the Su-57, demonstrating flexibility and commitment to mutual success. Such gestures affirm the resilience of bilateral ties. However, at that time, Indian evaluators determined that the Su-57 failed to meet true fifth-generation standards, particularly in stealth and sensor fusion capabilities.

Despite subsequent overtures from Moscow—offering upgraded AL-51F1 engines and other enhancements—India has remained unmoved. The nation's focus has pivoted towards its indigenous Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) program, alongside substantial orders for French Rafale multirole fighters. These priorities underscore a commitment to self-reliance and proven Western technology.

Joining a sixth-generation program would entail investments ranging from €12.5 billion to €16.5 billion (approximately $14.5-19.1 billion). When combined with the AMCA's development costs, this represents a massive budgetary undertaking for the Indian Air Force's modernisation by 2040. Acquiring Su-57s, by contrast, appears neither economically feasible nor technologically superior in this context.

Recent Fighter Retirements

Fighter TypeStatus (2025–26)Numbers RetiredReplacement Path
MiG‑21 BisonRetired Sep 2025~36 aircraftTEJAS MK-1A, Rafale, AMCA
JaguarPhased retirement ongoingLimited numbersPossible TEJAS MK-2/AMCA
Mirage‑2000Still in serviceNone retired yetUpgrades planned
Su‑30MKIActive backboneN/AMid‑life upgrade

Compounding India's reluctance is the troubling reliability of its existing Russian-origin fleet. The Su-30MKI, a mainstay of the IAF with over 270 units, has suffered a loss rate of roughly 5% due to accidents—far higher than comparable Western jets. This may have eroded confidence in Russian aviation hardware amid ongoing maintenance and spares challenges.

Historically, India has made pragmatic, if controversial, choices in arms procurement, such as acquiring Russia's S-400 air defence systems despite past delivery shortfalls. Yet, recent trends signal a broader diversification away from Moscow, driven by Russia's deepening isolation and sanctions stemming from its war in Ukraine. New Delhi's pivot aligns with growing ties to Western partners, including the United States.

Russia's aviation export market has weakened further as it redirects resources to sustain its military operations, increasingly funded by shadow fleet oil exports. This has diminished its competitiveness against agile European consortia offering next-generation platforms with superior digital architectures and collaborative combat capabilities.

India's air force faces acute challenges that amplify the urgency of this strategic realignment. The retirement of its ageing MiG-21 Bison fleet has created squadron shortages, while production delays plague the indigenous TEJAS MK-1A light combat aircraft. These gaps necessitate rapid infusion of high-end capabilities to counter regional threats from China and Pakistan.

Should India commit to Tempest or FCAS, it would not only bolster its technological edge but also position it as a key player in global sixth-generation aviation. Tempest emphasises AI-driven swarming and directed-energy weapons, while FCAS focuses on a 'System of Systems' integrating loyal wingman drones. Either path would leapfrog the Su-57's fifth-generation features.

This development delivers a decisive setback to Russian ambitions in South Asia's lucrative arms market. Amid U.S. diplomatic overtures and India's 'Make in India' push, embracing European programs enhances indigenous manufacturing through technology transfers—a lesson hard-learned from past Russian collaborations.

Meanwhile, uncertainties loom over FCAS itself, with reports of potential fractures between Germany and France. A dispute between Airbus and Dassault Aviation threatens to derail the €100 billion program, prompting India to weigh risks carefully. Tempest, with its trilateral structure, may offer greater stability.

India's prospective embrace of sixth-generation fighters reflects maturing strategic autonomy. By prioritising AMCA, Rafales, and European partnerships, New Delhi aims to forge a modern, diversified air power architecture resilient to geopolitical flux.

IDN (With Agency Inputs)


Saturday, March 14, 2026

India's Ambitious Bid For Co-Development Role In Crisis-Hit FCAS Fighter Program Amid Franco-German Tensions: Analysis


India has pitched its interest in joining Europe's Future Combat Air System (FCAS), a sixth-generation fighter program launched by France and Germany in 2017, with Spain joining later.

At the 6th India-France Annual Defence Dialogue in Bangalore, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh co-chaired talks with his French counterpart and explicitly conveyed New Delhi's willingness to explore co-development and co-manufacturing of the next-generation combat aircraft under the FCAS framework.

The French side responded positively, building on existing ties like Rafale integration and joint exercises. Dassault Aviation sees India as a strategic collaborator amid FCAS tensions with Germany. No binding agreements were signed, but the discussions mark an exploratory step, aligning with India's 2024 Defence Industrial Roadmap for co-design and co-production of advanced platforms.

Talks covered broader defence-industrial cooperation, including French interest in exporting India's Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher. India seeks a substantive role in design, production, and integration, leveraging its manufacturing capabilities for components like airframes, avionics, and systems integration.

Rajnath Singh stressed collaboration beyond procurement, aiming for meaningful workshare under 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' goals, including technology transfer in stealth, AI-driven combat clouds, and manned-unmanned teaming. This complements India's indigenous Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA), a fifth-generation stealth fighter targeting first flight in 2028-29 and induction by 2035.

The €100 billion FCAS envisions a 'System-of-Systems' with a Next Generation Fighter (NGF), unmanned combat aerial vehicles, remote carrier drones, AI-enabled decision systems, and a secure 'combat cloud' for network-centric warfare. It aims for service around 2040 to replace ageing platforms like Rafale and Eurofighter, featuring superior stealth, directed-energy weapons, and manned-unmanned teaming.

The program faces delays from disputes between Dassault Aviation and Airbus over leadership, workshare, design authority, and requirements like nuclear compatibility and carrier operations. Germany's Chancellor Friedrich Merz has questioned alignment with French needs, while Belgium's Defence Minister declared the trilateral FCAS 'dead' in February 2026.

Decision-making has slipped into 2026, with France considering an independent path costing under €50 billion. Airbus CEO Guillaume Faury has endorsed broader cooperation, opening doors for partners like India.

India's proposal gains traction as a potential 'rescue' if Germany's role falters, leveraging strong bilateral ties and manufacturing prowess. Earlier German talks offered observer status, but India's focus is on full partnership with France for sixth-generation expertise post-AMCA.

An observer role in the FCAS program, as offered to nations like India by Germany or exemplified by Belgium's initial entry, provides access to program information and strategic insights without binding commitments. Observers attend discussions on development direction, gaining visibility into technologies such as next-generation fighter design, avionics, and system integration, which supports national R&D without influencing core decisions.

This status allows limited industry participation, such as joining the supply chain for components like sensors or materials, fostering expertise and potential technology transfers aligned with initiatives like India's Atmanirbhar Bharat.

No financial contributions or procurement obligations apply, enabling low-risk observation to prepare for deeper involvement later, as Belgium transitioned by committing €300 million for Phase 2 (2026-2030).

In contrast, full partnership entails decision-making authority on design, workshare allocation, and milestones, alongside substantial financial stakes—estimated at billions for Phase 2 alone—and procurement responsibilities.

Full partners like France, Germany, and Spain share intellectual property, lead segments (e.g., Dassault's Next Generation Fighter), and bear risks, including cost overruns in the €100 billion project.
​
India's current pitch targets full partnership with France for co-development and co-manufacturing, seeking high-value roles beyond observer-level supply chain access to accelerate sixth-generation capabilities post-AMCA. Observer status suits exploratory phases but limits strategic leverage, while full membership demands investment yet unlocks co-design influence critical for India's aerospace ambitions.

Success hinges on favourable workshare and IP agreements, learning from India's exit from Russia's FGFA program. It promises technology transfer in stealth, sensors, and network warfare, boosting firms like Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and supporting goals of ₹3 lakh crore in defence manufacturing and ₹50,000 crore exports by 2029.

Challenges include European sovereignty concerns limiting sensitive transfers, alongside India's AMCA commitments and budget constraints. As of March 2026, talks remain exploratory, with momentum suggesting Paris's growing interest.

IDN (With Agency Inputs)